Future trends in dyeing

The key pathways for improving the sustainability of the dyeing is in three areas  

Development of synthetic dyes with improved chemistries. 

Many of these pathways remain the province of research departments of major suppliers as well as universities and research institutes. The three areas are discussed below. 

Most of the advancements have been in the area of reactive dyes as this area remains problematic in regard to fixation levels and the need for inorganic salts to drive the 

Reactive dyes based on a nicotinic acid residue allow dye-fiber reaction at a neutral pH of 7-7.5 (Morimura and Ojima, 1985). These dyes are particularly suitable for neutral, high-temperature exhaust dyeing, and for one-bath dyeing of polyester/ cotton-blended fabrics (Lewis, 1993). This continues to be an active area for R D (Lewis and Vo, 2007 Lewis et al., 2008). 

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