Fused cast

Fused-cast refractory is very dense but may contain a system of closed pores and large, highly oriented grains may exist in a particular casting. The size and distribution of the pore and grain phases must be controlled. 

A. A. Litvakovski, Fused Cast Refractories, Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jemsalem, 1961. 

Dense, select basalt with uniform structure is required for the manufacture of fused cast basalt. 

Fused cast basalt is cast in many shapes. Standard flat surfaces can be lined with square or rectangular standard flat tiles. Cylinders for pipe systems are made in static or centrifugal casting procedures. Wall thickness ranges from 21 mm for centrifugal spun cast cylinders to 30 mm thickness for the statically mold cast cylinders and tiles. Thicker liners can also be made. 

The manufacture of the fused cast basalt was pioneered in West Germany about 60 years ago. Fused cast basalt, also known under the registered trademark ABRESIST, is abrasion and corrosion resistant. The material is used worldwide in virtually all industries to protect equipment from the destructive forces of wear. 

Another consideration for proper application of fused cast basalt tile under chemical attack is the proper choice of the bonding and setting material. The type of mortar required will vary depending on the exposure and the operating conditions. Setting materials may include hydraulic mortars, silicates, resins, sulfur or mastics. 

The following tests were made to demonstrate the resistance of the fused cast basalt to various bases. The values cited are average values. 

Fused cast basalt tias an established place in the field of chemically resistant masonry. These linings will work particularly well when the chemical attack is combined with the abrasive action of sharp, hard particles. Worldwide, many in-... 

A neutralization of impurities is probably what takes place when brass and red brass are treated with sodium. The cleanser is usually introduced as a zinc-sodium master alloy. Zinc dissolves not more than 2.8% sodium at 557° C. and this alloy, when solid, is constituted of zinc-sodium compound in a zinc matrix. An action of sodium on sulfides, antimonides, and arsenides, even if these impurities were tied up with zinc, could be expected in these copper alloys. Sodium has been suggested as a desulfurizer for cast iron and shooting it into the metal bath has been proposed. In another proposition the sodium is weighed down with lead within an iron shell with a perforated bottom, which is lowered into the fused cast iron. Evidently sodium-lead alloy would perform as well. 

A new Fused Cast material (pure fused Spinel) is available on the market since 2010 with very promising laboratory and industrial results in such conditions. The very bottom part of the regenerator (below 800°C and basement) is normally not exposed to any corrosion mechanism. 

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