Furyl acrylamide

Sometimes, mesonidazole and AF-2 medication are administered jointly. Mesinidazole is l-(2-nitroimidazol-l-yl)-3-methoxypropan-2-ol and AF-2 is 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide. It is clear that the latter is a stronger acceptor than the former. When anion-radicals of mesonidazole are formed, they pass their unpaired electrons to molecules of AF-2. One medicament cancels the action of the other (Clarke et al. 1984a,b). 

Furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide (see AF-2) Fusarenon-X (see Toxins derived trom Fusarium graminearum,... 

Compounds in which one of the ethylenic hydrogen atoms has been replaced by a 2-furyl group represent an interesting variation furthermore, these compounds do not contain the usual —C=N— grouping but instead they have an amide group. These water-insoluble compounds are used in Japan in dermatology, veterinary medicine and as animal-feed additives. 7>anj--3-(5-nitrofuryl)-2-(2-furyl)acrylamide is an example ". 

The isopropyl and ethoxycarbonylmethyl derivatives of 3-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide proved to be effective in the treatment of Schistosoma japonicum °. After one to two weeks of therapy with a total dosage of 700 to 1,500 mg of one of the drugs, 50 per cent of all treated patients had negative stool specimens. The rate of worm elimination in animals (drug doses were not stated) was extremely high in mice 100 per cent, in rabbits 97 to 100 per cent, and in dogs 85 to 90 per cent . 

Chemical mutagens NQO, 2-(2-fiiryl)-3-(5-nitrO"2-furyl)acrylamide (AF-2) and others are inactivated when heated with cysteine or cysteamine. 

The first rec-assay survey on food additives was carried out in 1971 for synthetic dyes, and phloxine (Red Dye No. 104) was found to be positive. The mutagenicity of phloxine was then demonstrated in E. coli WP2 try. AF-2 [2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide], a nitrofuran food preservative, was rec-assayed and found to be a potent mutagen. This substance has been widely used in Japan, and the results initiated a continuing debate on the problem of toxicities due to chemical mutagens. Like other nitrofuran derivatives, AF-2 at first gave negative results with the Ames assay. Positive results appeared later using strains with R plasmid pKMlOl. 

AF-2 = 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-Nitro-2-Furyl)-acrylamide Butter Yellow = 4-Dimethylamino-azobenzene... 

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