Fungizone

Fungistats Fungi trol Fungi trolll Fungizone [1397-89-3]... 

Naeg/ena is treatable with intravenous amphotericin B (15, Fungizone), a toxic dmg that must be used with caution. 

Antifungal drugs are used to treat superficial and deep fungal infections. The antifungal drugs specifically discussed in this chapter are amphotericin B (Fungizone), flucona-... 

Amphotericin B (Fungizone)—used for treatment of mycotic infections (fungal)... 

Ambisone (NeXstar) Amphicol (Zeneca) Fungilin r (Squibb) Fungizone (Squibb)... 

Fungizone (Bristol-Myers Squibb, Oncology/ Immunology)... 

AmB has very low bioavailability by the oral route and so has to be given intravenously for the treatment of systemic infections. Due to its insolubility in aqueous media, the traditional formulation is mixed micelles with deoxycholate (Fungizone , Bristol-Myers Squibb). However, the micelles... 

All three of these new AmB formulations improve the therapeutic index of the drug considerably compared with Fungizone. Larger cumulative doses can be given, leading to cures that were hitherto impossible. However, they are expensive and thus inaccessible in developing countries where their use would be of most benefit (13). 

AmB was purchased from Sigma (Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France), and Fungizone from Squibb (Neuilly, France). DMPC and DMPG were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids Inc., (Alabama, U.S.A.). Solvents and other reagents were obtained from Carlo Erba reagent (Val de Reuil, France). 

AmB solubilized in DMSO and dispersed in PBS provoked 50% hemolysis of human erythrocytes at 3.5mg/L of AmB. Fungizone and AmB prepared by the same process as LC-AmB but without lipids were slightly less toxic (Hbso 5mg/L). All the lipid formulations caused less than 50% hemolysis at the highest concentration tested (lOOmg/L). 

The low acute toxicity of LC-AmB would be expected to allow higher cumulative doses of the antibiotic to be administered. This hypothesis was tested in CDl mice, which were given various doses of LC-AmB daily for three weeks. Groups were also treated with Fungizone (0.5mg/kg) and Abelcet (10 mg/kg) according to the same regimen. At the end of the treatment period, mice were sacrificed and various biochemical parameters were measured (28). 

The results of the chronic administration study indicate that LC-AmB does not induce any new toxicity and that its side effects are the same as those produced by the conventional formulation (Fungizone) and a commercial lipid formulation (Abelcet) but that they appear at higher doses. This difference is probably due to both the stability of the formulation, preventing rapid release of AmB as aggregates or transfer to lipoproteins, and its size difference with Abelcet, which could lead to less rapid uptake by phagocytic cells. These encouraging results with respect to toxicity prompted us to test the efficacy of the formulation. For this, we chose to look at in vitro and in vivo models of Leishmaniasis, as well as the immuno-modulating properties of AmB. 

Amphotericin B deoxycholate (eg, Fungizone) - 0.5 mg/kg/day administered on alternate days for 14 doses has been effective but is not recommended as primary therapy. 

Amphotericin B (Fungizone), a polyene antifungal drug produced by the actinomycete Streptomyces nodosus, consists of a large ring structure with both hydrophilic... 

Brand Name(s) Abelcet (ABLC) AmBisome, Amphotec, Fungizone (IV and topical) Chemical Class Amphoteric polyene lipid complex (ABLC)... 

Empiric treatment for fungal infection in patients with febrile neutropenia foraspergil-lus, Candida, or cryptococcus infections unresponsive to Fungizone or for patients with renalimpairmentortoxicityfromFungizone(AmBisome) IVInfusion 3-5 mg/kg over 1 hr. 

Invasive aspergillus in patients with renal impairment, renal toxicity, or treatment failure with Fungizone (Amphotec) IVInfusion 3-4 mg/kg over 2-4 hr. 

Cryptococcosis blastomycosis systemic candidiasis disseminated forms of moniliasis, coccidioidomycosis, and histoplasmosis zygomycosis sporotrichosis and aspergillosis (Fungizone) IV Infusion Dosage based on patient tolerance, severity of infection. Initially, 1-mg test dose is given over 20-30 min. If test dose is tolerated, 5-mg dose may be given the same day. Subsequently, increases of 5 mg/dose are made q 12-24h until desired daily dose is reached. Alternatively, if test dose is tolerated, a dose of 0.25 mg/kg is given same day increased to 0.5 mg/kg the second day. Dose increased until desired daily dose reached. Total daily dose 1 mg/kg/day up to 1.5 mg/kg every other day. Do not exceed maximum total daily dose of 1.5 mg/kg. 

Fungizone Fever, chills, headache, anemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, anorexia, malaise, generalized pain, nephrotoxicity Topical Local irritation, dry skin Rare... 

Amphotericin-B (FUNGIZONE) 50-100 mg QID, 200pg to 1.5 mg/kg daily or on alternate days IV infusion, 3% topical (ear drops)... 

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