Fungi structure

The second most abundant polymer on Earth is chitin. Chitin comprises much of the exoskeletons of crustaceans, insects, and spiders, as well as the cell walls of fungi. Structurally, chitin is very similar to cellulose, except that its basic monosaccharide is N-acetylglucosamine. Chitin, like cellulose, has its repeating units joined in j8(1 4) linkages, see also Carbohydrates Disaccharides. 

Li S-M (2009) Prenylated indole derivatives from fungi structure diversity, biological activities, biosynthesis and chemoenzymic synthesis. Nat Prod Rep 27 57-78... 

Boot, C.M., Amagata, T, Tenney, K., Compton, J.F., Pietraszkiewicz, H., Valeriote, F.A., and Crews, P. (2007) Four classes of structurally unusual peptides from two marine-derived fungi structures and bioactivities. Tetrahedron, 63, 9903-9914. 

Zhai, Y., Heijne, W.H., Smith, D.W., and Saier, M.H., Jr., Homologues of archaeal rhodopsins in plants, animals and fungi structural and functional predications for a putative fungal chaperone protein, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1511, 2,206, 2001. 

Vesicles Spherical structures, formed intracellularly, by some arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. 

Woronin body Spherical structure associated with the simple pore in the septa separating hyphal compartments of fungi in the phylum Ascomycota. 

Fungi Simple vegetative bodies from which reproductive structures are elaborated. The fungi contain no chlorophyll and therefore require sources of complex organic molecules. Many species grow on dead organic materials and others live as parasites. 

Trehalose, a disaccharide produced in fungi, has the following structure ... 

This outcome was consistent with a hypothesis that structural deterioration could have been a byproduct of microorganism activity. The higher lipid content in the poorly preserved tissue suggests that those lipids are primarily extrinsic, that is, that they were produced by bacteria and/or fungi. As the food source for such microorganisms, the protein within the bone may have been substantially altered in concert with the microstructure deterioration. The quantification of the changes to the organic fraction became our next focus of research. 

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