Fungi interaction with plant

This chapter is about fungi interacting with bacteria, other fungi and nematodes. Plant and animal fungal pathogens are not treated. Mycorrhizal symbionts will be treated in the next chapter. 

Amphotericin B, is a polyene antibiotic, used in the therapy of systemic fungal infections. Its mode of action exploits differences in membrane composition between the pathogen and the human host. Ergosterol, the predominant sterol of fungi, plants, and some protozoan parasites, interacts with Amphotericin B, resulting in an increased ion permeability of the membrane. Humans contain cholesterol, which has a low affinity for amphotericin B. 

S. Perotto, R. Peretto, A. Faccio, S. Schubert, A. Varma, and P. Bonfante, Ericoid mycorrhizal fungi cellular and molecular bases of their interactions with the host plant. Can. J. Bot. 7.L557S (1995). 

Cyanide is usually found in compounds (substances formed by joining two or more chemicals). Cyanide can interact with metals and other organic compounds (compounds that include carbon). Sodium cyanide and potassium cyanide are examples of simple cyanide compounds. Cyanide can be produced by certain bacteria, fungi, and algae, and is found in a number of foods and plants. In your body, cyanide can combine with a chemical (hydroxocobalamin) to form vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin). In certain plant foods, including almonds, millet sprouts, lima beans, soy,... 

Thioredoxins are small ubiquitous enzymes present in many species from Archaebacteria to man. They serve as general protein disulfide oxido-reductases interacting with a broad range of proteins. Allergenic thioredoxins have been identified in fungi as well as in plants. The thioredoxins from wheat (Tri a 25) and maize (Zea m 25) are related to baker s asthma, an occupational disease affecting 4%-10% of bakery workers in European countries (Holmgren 1995). 

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