Fungi cultivation

It is used as organic fertilizer, as cattle feed, as substrate for fungi cultivation, or for microbial enzyme production. Further uses are proposed in lactic acid fermentation and adhesives production. The potato fruit liquid by-product is used for protein enrichment and as fertilizer [22, 23]. 

The rheology of highly viscous fermentation moulds of fungi cultivations was investigated by Metz et al. (17). However, these systems will not be considered here. 

Monascus pigments have been used in Asian countries for centuries as food colorants and spices and in traditional medicine. These pigments are produced by the fungi of Monascus genus cultivated on carbohydrate-rich substrates such as rice, wheat, com, potatoes, and soybeans. Three species of Monascus identified are pilosus. 

There are known to be about 30,000 disease-causing agents (fungi, viruses, nematodes, bacteria) in 3,000 types of cultivated plants. More than 10,000 species of arthropods (insects, ticks, arachnids) affect agricultural plants and animals. Along with agriculture, pesticides are also widely used in forestry and fisheries, in energy and railroads (to clear plants), in construction (to protect wood structures), etc. 

Knudsen IM B, Elmholt S, Hockenhull J and Jensen D F (1995), Distribution of saprohytic fungi antagonistic to Fusarium culmorum in two differently cultivated field soils with special emphasis on the genus Fusarium , Biol. Agric. Hort., 12, 61-79. 

The ants in this case are a number of related tropical species that have learned how to grow fungi. Few animals cultivate their own food, but about fifty million years ago a group of ants domesticated a fungus and began raising it for food. Since that time, the descendants of these early farmers have cultivated fungi as their dominant source of nourishment, and their entire lifestyle is built... 

Elmholt, S. and A. Kj oiler (1989). Comparison of the Occurrence of the Saprophytic Soil Fungi in Two Differently Cultivated Field Soils. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 6 229-239. 

Table 1. Literature data on bioreactor cultivations of marine bacteria and fungi with respect to some important bioprocess conditions and metabolites...

Grieve, M., and C. E. Leyel. A modem herbal. The medicinal, culinary, cosmetic and economic properties, cultivation and folk-lore of herbs, grasses, fungi, shrubs and trees with all their modem scientific uses, 1931. 

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