Functional groups oxidation state

Krikorian, S.E. 1988. Methodology for quantifying functional group oxidation state levels and for analyzing organic reactions for oxidation-reduction behavior. Am. J. Pharm. Educ. 52, 177-180. 

Naming coordination compounds Naming inorganic compounds Naming organic compounds Organic functional groups Oxidation states (common)... 

Uronic acids occupy an oxidation state between aldonic and aldanc acids They have an aldehyde function at one end of their carbon chain and a carboxyhc acid group at the other... 

The concept of the principal function raises the question of how priority is deterrnined when two or more different functional groups are present. No arbitrary rule can be entirely satisfactory, but an order has been codified in lUPAC recommendations (52—54), and an essentially similar order is used by Chemical Abstracts Service. In general, a higher state of oxidation takes precedence over a lower one, as shown in Table 1. 

Among oxygen containing groups, a higher oxidation state takes precedence over a lower one in deter-rnining the suffix of the substitutive nane. Thus, a compound that contains both an alcohol and an aldehyde function is named as an aldehyde. 

The symmetric series provides functional cyclohexadienes, whereas the non-symmetric one serves to build deuterated and/or functional arenes and tentacled compounds. In both series, several oxidation states can be used as precursors and provide different types of activation. The complexes bearing a number of valence, electrons over 18 react primarily by electron-transfer (ET). The ability of the sandwich structure to stabilize several oxidation states [21] also allows us to use them as ET reagents in stoichiometric and catalytic ET processes [18, 21, 22]. The last well-developed type of reactions is the nucleophilic substitution of one or two chlorine atoms in the FeCp+ complexes of mono- and o-dichlorobenzene. This chemistry is at least as rich as with the Cr(CO)3 activating group and more facile since FeCp+ activator is stronger than Cr(CO) 3. 

TABLE 19.1 Categories of Simple Functional Groups Arranged According to Oxidation State "... 

Relative Oxidation States of Organic Functional Groups... 

Tc(V) and Re(V) are thiols, thioethers and thiocarbonyl compounds and molecules containing combinations of their functional groups. There exist significant differences in the ability of the various groups to form stable complexes and in the kind of complexes formed. Unlike thiols, a neutral S-donor shows a preference for the metals in oxidation states lower than +5. 

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