Functional genes basic techniques

Here we will review some of the genetic techniques used to analyze protein function in two systems. In the first part, we will discuss some basic methods used in S. cerevisiae (e.g., protein tagging, gene disruption) and describe how these techniques can be used to study the function of individual subunits in multiprotein complexes. In the second part, we will review the use of transgenic mice to study protein function. In particular, techniques used for in vitro manipulation of large genes and the introduction of these into the mouse genome will be discussed. 

Gene therapy is another technique to correct imperfect organ operation, albeit at the basic level of cell function (Le Doux et al., 1995). Gene therapy is the introduction of nucleic acids into cells for a therapeutic effect. Portions of the DNA strand are transferred into the host cell to produce proteins that the unaided cell cannot produce. There are over 4000 known human genetic diseases, and it is likely several hundred of these will be able to be successfully treated with gene therapy (Le Doux et al., 1995). Gene therapy is still in its infancy, and its success is still largely dependent upon chance. Steps in this process involve... 

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