Functional food production

Dietary fibre, which comprises all the non-digestible structural carbohydrates of plant cell walls and any associate lignin, provides a further example of a complex food-borne factor which cannot be classified as a nutrient, and which continues to generate debate over such issues as definition and analytical techniques. However, whatever the unresolved complexities, dietary fibre has a lengthy history and had proved itself eminently suitable as a component of functional food products long before the term was even coined. 

BELL s J and GOODRICK G K (2002) A functional food product for the management of weight , Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 42 (2), 163-78. 

IV. PRESENT SITUATION AND POTENTIAL OF SEAWEEDS FOR NOVEL FUNCTIONAL FOOD PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS... 

Sir6, L, Kalpona, E., Kalpona, B., and Lugasi, A. 2008. Functional food. Product development, marketing and consumer acceptance—A Review. Appetite 51 456 67. 

In general, there is some evidence to support a 5—8% reduction (approximately 0.5 mmol/L) in total cholesterol after the intake of three apples per day. Moreover, apple juice consumption is associated with no effects or increased levels of TAG. Clear apple juice lacks water-soluble pectin and has a low polyphenol content due to a clarification process. The production of cloudy apple juice does not include clarification and, thus, may maintain an important polyphenol and pectin content.Apple pomace, a by-product of juice production, consists of approximately 25% of fresh apple weight, and is a high source of fiber and polyphenols and therefore a valuable material for functional food products. Apart from the pol3q>henol and fiber content, food matrix may also play an important role whole apples contain intact cell wall components, which could contribute to the effects on lipid and glucose metabolism as will be described below. 

The growth of the functional food market has been correlated with a steadying increase of the number of functional food products launches. According to Mintel analysts, the global launches of functional products between 2005 and 2009 were more than doubled, from 904 to 1859. Between 2008 and the first half of2009, USA was the leader in healthy product launches (881 products), followed by Japan (314), Italy (325), UK (237), Germany (235), and France (150) [46]. 

The use of GSLs and their derivatives in functional food products and pharmaceuticals may provide additional routes for the exploitation of these attractive natural plant products. In the last few years, pharmaceutical forms (pills, powders, capsules, vials, etc.) containing GSLs as food bioactive compounds (especially broccoli extracts that provide sulforaphane and other phytochemicals) have appeared in the market. Among them it is possible to find capsules with sulforaphane, with indole-3-carbinol and capsules made from a cruciferous mix. 

Oil and oil fractions, phenols, tocopherols and peptides are all of interest to the canola/oilseed rape processing industry for their potential use in functional food products and nutraceuticals. The successful use of ultrasound-assisted extraction of these components in various plant or tissue systems demonstrates that ultrasound-assisted extraction is a viable alternative for the canola/oilseed rape industry for the recovery of value-added products from whole seeds, hulls and press cakes. However, due to limited research on pilot-scale application, it is difficult to model cost advantages of ultrasound-assisted extraction versus conventional solvent extraction when applied to commodity oilseed processing. 

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