FUMAPEX methodology for urbanization of city-scale meteorological models

2 FUMAPEX methodology for urbanization of city-scale meteorological models 

The FUMAPEX strategy to improve NWP and meso-scale meteorological models includes the following aspects for the urbanisation of relevant submodels or processes  

The following meso-meteorological and NWP models of FUMAPEX partners were used for urban conditions or for different variants of the urbanisation scheme (user/ developer teams are in brackets) 1. DMI-HIRLAM (DMI) 2. Lokalmodell LM (DWD, MeteoSwiss, EPA Emilia-Romagna) 3. MM5 (CORIA, met.no, UH) 4. RAMS (CEAM, Arianet) 5. Topographic Vorticity-Mode (TVM, Schayes et al., [563]) Me-soscale Model (UCL) 6. Finite Volume Model FVM (EPEE) 7. SUBMESO model (ECN). 

For example, the recent Danish operational NWP system (Sass et al., 2002) consists of several nested models named DMI-HIRLAM-S05 and -T15, with horizontal resolutions of 5 and 15 km, respectively. The previous nested DMI-HIRLAM versions G45, E15 and D05 (operational prior to 14 June 2004) had 45 km, 15 km and 5 km resolution, correspondingly. The vertical resolution of the operational versions is 40 levels, but it was increased up to 60 levels for test runs. Within the FUMAPEX project, DMI run also several experimental versions of DMI-HIRLAM (e.g., U01,101) with a horizontal resolution of 1.4 km over Denmark and the Sjaeland Island, where the city of Copenhagen is located (Baklanov et al., [27] Fay et al., [176] Mahura et al., [390]). 

The German DWD Local Model LM (Dorns and Schattler, 1999 [151]) is currently operated as a nest within the Global Model for Europe (GME). LM has a resolution of 7 km for the Central and Western Europe. In 2003, it became operational for that area with a resolution of 2.8 km. For the FUMAPEX study, both the horizontal and vertical resolution of LM were increased to 1.1 km and 43 layers, respectively, as required by the 1-way self-nesting version of LM (Fay and Neunhaeuserer, 2005 [177]). 

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