Fullerene Russian doll

The discovery of perfect geodesic dome closed structures of carbon, such as C o has led to numerous studies of so-called Buckminster fullerene. Dislocations are important features of the structures of nested fullerenes also called onion skin, multilayered or Russian doll fullerenes. A recent theoretical study [118] shows that these defects serve to relieve large inherent strains in thick-walled nested fullerenes such that they can show faceted shapes. 

The formation of fullerenes and CNTs has also been affected by their environmental atmosphere [22] and, in particular, a hydrogen atmosphere plays an important role in forming graphitic structures of multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) in the form of buckybundles [24]. Intercalation into MWCNTs has been difficult or impossible, because there is no space for intercalants to enter into a Russian-doll-type structure of the nanotubes. However, the buckybundles formed in the hydrogen arc discharge were found to be successfully intercalated with potassium and ferric chloride (FeCl3) without breaking the... 

Let us note in addition that the layered sulfides M0S2 and WS2 have been found to form nanotubes and other fullerene-type structures, on account of their highly folded and distorted nature that favors the formation of rag and tubular structures. Such materials have been synthesized by a variety of methods [78] and exhibit morphologies, which were described as inorganic fiillerenes (IF), single sheets, folded sheets, nanocrystals, and nested IFs (also known as onion crystals or Russian dolls ). 

Wang T, Chen N, Xiang J et al (2009) Russian-doll-type metal carbide endofullerene synthesis, isolation, and characterization of Sc4C2 Cgo. J Am Chem Soc 131 16646-16647 Chen N, Chaur MN, Moore C et al (2010) Synthesis of a new endohedral fullerene family, Sc2S C2n (n = 40-50) by the introduction of SO2. Chem Commun 46 4818 820... 

The less-lhan-scientific ring ascribed lo the comparatively recent discovery of a third form of carbon, the fullerenes. is reminiscent ad flavors used a few years ago to describe the various kinds of quarks In the field of high-energy physics. The technical literature on fullerenes. as of early 1994. features such terms as bucky-ball. buckminstcrfullerene. buckyiube, carbon cage, dopey ball, hairy ball. Russian doll, et al.. some of which termv are synonymous others have specific connotations. Considered as an entity, fiillercne chemistry constitutes a major breakthrough in the science of physics and chemistry of materials al the molecular level. 

P. W. Fowler (University of Exeter, U.K.). Please comment on finite analogues of your structures We have discussed previously the idea of making a Russian doll fullerene in which one fullerene is connected by tunnels to an outer shell. The matrix seems to comply with this. 

An interesting property of the fullerenes is that, because they are completely hollow (i.e. all the atoms lie on the surface), fullerenes of different sizes can in principle be nested within each other like Russian dolls, in an arrangement sometimes referred to as a buckonion [672]. 

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