Fugitive Emissions Control

The major source of fugitive emissions from a gas compressor cylinder is the piston rod packing. Other sources of fugitive emissions are around the cylinder valve covers, unloader covers, unloader actuator packing, and clearance pocket gasket and actuator packing. 

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Provide a list of all air pollution control devices and identify point and fugitive emission air pollution sources. 

Most petrochemical processes are essentially enclosed and normally vent only a small amount of fugitive emissions. However, the petrochemical processes that use air-oxidation-type reactions normally vent large, continuous amounts of gaseous emissions to the atmosphere (10). Six major petrochemical processes employ reactions using air oxidation. Table 30-5 lists the atmospheric emissions from these processes along with applicable control measures. 

Urea Plants - In urea plants, wet scrubbers or fabrie filters are used to control fugitive emissions from prilling towers fabric filters are used to eontrol dust emissions from bagging operations. These equipment are an integral part of the operations, to retain product. New urea plants should achieve levels of particulate matter in air emissions of less than 0.5 kg/t of product for both urea and ammonia. 

Baghouses are preferred over venturi scrubbers for controlling particulate matter emissions from loading and pushing operations because of the higher removal efficiencies. ESPs are effective for final tar removal from coke oven gas. Stack air emissions should be monitored continuously for particulate matter. Alternatively, opacity measurements of stack gases can suffice. Fugitive emissions should be monitored annually for VOCs. 

Fugitive emissions from charging and tapping of EAFs should be controlled by locating the EAF in an enclosed building or using hoods and by evacuating the dust to dust arrestment equipment to achieve an emissions level of less than 0.25 kg/t. 

Furnaces should be enclosed to reduce fugitive emissions, and dust from dust control equipment should be returned to the process. 

Not all emissions come from stacks. Often the unducted fugitive process emissions and entrained dust are very Important, but there are no good ways of studying them. Perhaps the best way would be the use of ground-level samplers controlled by wind-sector devices that turn on the samplers only when the wind Is in the desired direction and above some minimum velocity. The wind-trajectory method noted below may also be of value for study of fugitive emissions. 

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