Frogs, attracting

Pearl C., Cervantes M., Chan M., Ho U., et al. (2000). Evidence for a mate-attracting chemosignal in the dwarf African clawed frog Hymenochirus spp. Horm Behav 38, 67-74. 

In some cases, animals do not seem to identify components of complex environmental chemical cues. The pool frog (Rana lessonae) provides an example. After being exposed to a mixture of morpholine and /3-phenylethanol during development before metamorphosis, the froglets prefer the mixture but are not attracted to either of the two compounds (Ogurtsov and Bastakov, 2001). 

Magnificent tree frog Litoria splendida Male Parotoidand rostral glands Attracts female Splendipherin (peptide 25 residues) Wabnitzetfl/., 1999... 

The Australian magnificent tree frog breeds in the water, where males court females. A peptide, now called splendipherin, has been extracted from the male parotid and rostral glands and found to attract females in glass tanks at concentrations of approximately 10-13 moll-1.75 This pheromone attracts females from distances of up to a meter within minutes. 

Chemical alarm responses in frog tadpoles Responses of rodents to cat nrine Responses of rats and mice to predatory snake odors Comparison of effects of commercial sqnirrel repellents with fox urine Oil of Citronella as repellent for dogs and cats Camphor as repellent for cats Predator odors as squirrel repellents Natnrally occnrring contraceptive componnds in plants Attractiveness rating of photos of men and women with and withont fragrance present... 

Several synthetic approaches toward the poison-dart frog alkaloids, including pumiliotoxin C (56), ge-phyrotoxin (57) and histrionicotoxin (58), have utilized the Eschenmoser reaction in a variety of distinct applications. These structurally related alkaloids are isolated from skin extracts of various Central and South American frogs in the Dendrohates genus and possess neurotoxic properties. Since their initial isolation and characterization, these toxins have attracted considerable attention for both their synthetic challenge and their interesting biological properties. ... 

The synthesis of batrachotoxin (439), the steroidal alkaloid from the poison arrow frog Phyllobates aurotaenia, has continued to attract attention. The partial synthesis of various 3) -methoxy-3a,9a-oxido-7a-hydroxy-lla-acetoxy-5/ -steroids has been reported. In particular (Scheme 24), the -double bond... 

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