Freer Gallery of Art

R. J. Gettens, The Freer Chinese Broncos, Uol II. Technical Studies, The Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washiagton, D.C., 1969. 

I. V. Bene The Freer Gallery of Art Technical Laboratory, Washington, D. C. 20560... 

Bronzes, Volume I, Catalogue, Freer Gallery of Art, Oriental Studies, No. 7, Washington, D.C., 1967. 

The operation of the scanning electron microscope was in the hands of Walter R. Brown of the National Museum of Natural History. R. M. Organ and Harold Westley of the Smithsonian Institution supplied the spectrographic results for the ink ignition tests. H. P. Stern and T. Lawton (Director and Assistant Director of the Freer Gallery of Art) are thanked for advice on the selection of paintings, for permission to sample them, and for general discussions on the history of Chinese ink. 

At present, several dozen manuscripts from museums and centers such as the Walters Art Gallery the Freer Gallery of Art the Pierpont Morgan Library the Special Collections of the University of California at Los Angeles the Spencer Collection of the New York City Public Library the Armenian Patriarchate of St. James, Jerusalem and the Monastery of San Lazzaro, Venice, have been sampled and analyzed. Some of the data and results have been published in representative journals. 

Figure 1, Chemical composition of objects Z71.16 and Z76J7 compared with that of 92 Chinese bronze vessels in the Freer Gallery of Art (7). (left) Shang and Early Chou vessels (right) Late Chou objects. Comparison of objects Z76.16 and Z76.17 with 92 Freer ceremonial vessels. The numbers in boxes show the number of vessels having the composition range enclosed. ( ), center of gravity of each distribution. The reported compositions of objects Z76.16 and Z76.17 are shown as Z76.1S—O body ) handle cover. Z76.17— body ...

Figure 2, A ternary plot of Chinese bronzes analyzed at the Freer Gallery of Art, The mirrors ( ) form a distinct, high-tin group. (O), Shang ceremonial vessels (34 points) (+), Early Chou ceremonial vessels (31 points) (A), Middle and Late Chou ceremonial vessels (31 points) ( ), Chin and Han ceremonial vessels (5 points) ( ), Later ceremonial vessels (19 points) ( ), mirrors (27 points) (<), Ming Knife Coins (8 points) (>), belt hooks up to Han (147 points) ( ), later belt hooks (6 points).

Freer Gallery of Art mirrors and Ming-Tao coinage data normalized by weight to 100%... 

Figure 11. Riederer and Freer Gallery of Art mirrors data normalized by...

Smithsonian Institution. The Freer Gallery of Art and the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery contain collections of ancient ceramics with important examples from China and the Near East, www.asia.si.edu... 

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