Transfer coefficient, fractional

HJvitamin A-labeled chylomicrons, values for only 3 of the 24 fractional transfer coefficients had to differ to fit the two data sets. Thus we speculate that these three parameters [L(5,6), L(3,4), and L(22,5) Fig. 6] are sensitive to vitamin A status. This makes physiological sense since these parameters reflect retinyl ester hydrolysis and stellate cell retinol secretion. 

We began modeling under the assumption that the introduction of the tracer (mass) into the system did not affect the mechanisms present for metabolism of the tracee. The compartmental model was compatible with the assumption that non-steady-state mechanisms for metabolism of /3-carotene were not induced by the tracer because the model prediction of the tracer state, the tracee state, and the steady state could be achieved using the same set of fractional transfer coefficients (FTCs). The appropriateness of this assumption is discussed again under Statistical Considerations. FTC is the fraction of analyte in a donor compartment that is transferred to a recipient compartment per unit of time, in this case per day. 

FRACTIONAL TRANSFER COEFFICIENTS AND FLOW RATES FROM DONOR TO RECIPIENT COMPARTMENTS FOR PHYSIOLOGIC MODEL OF /3-CAROTENE METABOUSM... 

Fixed fractional transfer coefficient, time delay, subdivisions/delay compartment ... 

Note FTC is the fractional transfer coefficient its units are per day. FSD is fractional standard deviation of FTC. Flow (rates) are /onol/day. Ineveisble loss of -carotene (fecal) = 240 - FTC from GIT to GIT delay compartment. FTC from chylomicron retinyl ester to fast turnover liver retinyl ester = 60 36. Values apply to model in Figure 3. Reprinted with permission from Novotny et al. (1995). 

If the model is a compartment model with constant fractional transfer coefficients, the equation corresponding to (11) is... 

The fcy s are called fractional transfer coefficients. Equation 9.3 describes the generic nonlinear compartmental model. If the fcy s do not depend on the compartmental masses qfs, the model becomes... 

Liquid viscosity is one of the most difficult properties to calculate with accuracy, yet it has an important role in the calculation of heat transfer coefficients and pressure drop. No single method is satisfactory for all temperature and viscosity ranges. We will distinguish three cases for pure hydrocarbons and petroleum fractions ... 

If solvent recovery is maximized by minimizing the temperature approach, the overall heat-transfer coefficient in the condenser will be reduced. This is due to the fact that a large fraction of the heat transfer area is now utilized for cooling a gas rather than condensing a Hquid. Depending on the desired temperature approach the overall heat-transfer coefficients in vent condensers usually range between 85 and 170 W/m K (ca 15 and 30 Btu/h-ft. °F). 

Gas-phase mass-transfer coefficient for dilute systems kmoP[(s-m )(mole fraction in gas)] lbmoJ/[(h-tF)(mole traction in gas)]... 

Overall enthalpy mass-transfer coefficient kmoP[(s-m )(mole fraction)] ... 

N,n = Minimum theoretical stages at total reflux Q = Heat transferred, Btu/hr U - Overall heat transfer coefficient, Btu/hrfP"F u = Vapor velocity, ft/sec U d = Velocity under downcomer, ft/sec VD(js = Downcomer design velocity, GPM/fL Vioad = Column vapor load factor W = Condensate rate, Ibs/hr Xhk = Mol fraction of heavy key component Xlk = Mol fraction of the light key component a, = Relative volatility of component i versus the heavy key component... 

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