Forming process punch

The impact extrusion process is used to produce open-ended collapsible tubes from softer metals such as tin and lead. When aluminium is used, it work-hardens during the forming process and the resultant tubes must be annealed to regain flexibility. Alternatively aluminium tubes may be left in their work-hardened state as rigid containers. Impact extrusion is a particularly useful process to produce containers with a high length to diameter ratio, e.g. up to 7 1. A slug of the metal to be formed is held in a female die and is struck by a punch which has the same form as that of the inside of the ultimate container. Upon impact the metal flows up the outside of the punch. A stripper plate then removes the extruded container on its return stroke. 

Deep drawing is a sheet metal forming process by which a sheet metal blank is slightly clamped along its perimeter by a blank holder and radially drawn into a forming die by use of a punch. 

A device presented in Figure 5.5 was especially designed to analyze the possibility to form reinforcement fabrics. Particularly, the device was developed to examine the local deformations during the forming process [41]. The device is the assembly of a mechanical part and an optical part. The mechanical part consists of a punch/ open die system coupled with a classical blank-holder system. The punch used in this... 

Different punch shapes have been tested, as a semi-hemispherical shape of punch to ensure a symmetric double curvature deformation during the forming process and a... 

A first comparison of the three different types of 3D warp interlock fabrics using the four measured parameters can be done and helps to highlight the influence of the weave diagram on the global behaviour of the final preform in both warp and weft directiOTis after the forming process using a semi-hemispherical punch. 

Following the same forming process with the gusset punch, the two types of layer-to-layer warp interlock fabrics have been stamped and can be observed in Figure 10.16. 

Once the part is formed and punched, it is sintered at a temperature above the glass melting point to produce a continuous structure. The temperature profile is critical, and the process may acmaUy be performed in two stages one stage to remove the volatile organic... 

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