Forming manufacturing technology

The various preparation processes and technologies used in dmg product manufacture also can effect product safety, stabihty, and performance, eg, compression during tablet manufacture. The principal processes used in dosage form manufacture are as foUows (15). 

Bioavailability, Bioequivalence, and Pharmacokinetics. Bioavailabihty can be defined as the amount and rate of absorption of a dmg into the body from an adrninistered dmg product. It is affected by the excipient ingredients in the product, the manufacturing technologies employed, and physical and chemical properties of the dmg itself, eg, particle size and polymorphic form. Two dmg products of the same type, eg, compressed tablets, that contain the same amount of the same dmg are pharmaceutical equivalents, but may have different degrees of bioavailabihty. These are chemical equivalents but are not necessarily bioequivalents. For two pharmaceutically equivalent dmg products to be bioequivalent, they must achieve the same plasma concentration in the same amount of time, ie, have equivalent bioavadabihties. 

Sometimes, new values are added not only to the polymer itself, but also to the shape or physical state of the processed polymers to maximize the profit opportunity. For example, when a company develops a novel polymeric material and its manufacturing technology, the company may prefer to make their novel polymers available to customers in the form of intermediate consumer products, such as hi performance films or fibers, rather than manufacturing and selling bulk resins to industrial customers. To do so, the company should have a line of technical capabilities from polymer synthesis to consumer product manufacturing. 

Kuzman, K., and Peklenik, J., 1990. Energy evaluation of cold-forming processes, CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology, 39 (1), 253-256. 

Sandies were collected from bottom ash, cyclone ash and hot filter dust in some of the CFB test runs carried out with straw. The samples were analysed by light microscopy and electron microscopy. With the first method, an overall inspection was carried out in order to monitor agglomerates and their form. Afterwards, cross-sections were prepared for the electron microscopic analysis (SEM), in which the CCSEM (computer controlled electron microscopy) technique was applied. These analyses were carried out at VTT Manufacturing Technology. In this analysis, sample particles were analysed for their size and chemical composition. 

Spray dried flavourings have satisfied the demands of the food industry for quite some time. However, manufacturing technologies and application forms for food continue to develop. Modem flavourings have to keep up with these changes and with other special requirements put forward by producers. This has resulted in some further developments in the manufacture of encapsulated flavourings - the so-called complementary procedures - which have come into use in recent years. Complementary procedures are refinements, later developments of the spray drying technique. These methods are dealt with later in this section [1-3],... 

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