Food processing aid

Food - refrigerants, packaging, containers and wraps, food processing aids, preservatives. 

Food processing aid, 12 33 Food-producing animals, subtherapeutic antibiotic levels in, 13 8t Food products... 

Proteases are the most extensively used enzymes in the food industry, where they act to improve the quality, stability, and solubility of foods. Some of the attributes of enzymes which make them useful in industrial operations include the following 1) They are derived from plants, animal, and microbial sources and are invariably nontoxic substances that are able catalyze specific reactions 2) they are active at very low concentrations under mild conditions of temperature and pH where undesirable side reactions are minimized and 3) they can be inactivated after a desired effect has been achieved. Proteases from plant, animal, and microbial sources find extensive use as food processing aids.(32) Some of the applications of proteases in the food industry are summarized in Table I. 

Table II. Proteolytic Enzymes as Food-Processing Aids...

Proteolytic enzymes from animal, plant, and microbial sources currently are used extensively as food-processing aids. Generally, a given proteolytic enzyme has been chosen for a specific process or application based on empirical trials. In more recent years, with our better understanding of the properties of such enzymes, the choice has been made... 

The present study indicates that the extracellular enzyme, pepsin, exhibits striking differences from its mammalian homologue with respect to optimum pH, Ea for catalysis, thermal stability, and substrate affinity. These data are interesting from the viewpoint of biological adaption at low temperatures, but they also provide some substance to our contention that enzymes from fish plant wastes can have sufficiently unique properties to justify their use over conventional sources of enzymes used as food-processing aids. The relatively low Eas for protein hydrolysis by fish pepsins indicate they may be especially useful for protein modifications at low temperatures. Alternatively, the poor thermal stability of the fish pepsins studied indicate that the enzymes can be inactivated by relatively mild blanching temperatures. The reality of this concept will have to await studies where the pepsins are used as food-processing aids. Such studies are currently underway in our laboratory. 

Tolerances The minimum purity tolerances specified for FCC items have been established with the expectation that the substances to which they apply will be used as direct or indirect food additives, ingredients, or food-processing aids. These tolerance limits should neither bar the use of lots of articles that more nearly approach 100% purity nor constitute a basis for a claim that such lots exceed the quality prescribed by the Food Chemicals Codex. 

The United States. Ascorbic acid is generally regarded as safe, GRAS, for use in food as a nutrient or food processing aid provided that a standard has not been established by the Food and Drug Administration for the food wherein the use of ascorbic acid is excluded or permitted within the limitations specified by the standard. 

Uses Complex hosting guest molecules increases the sol. and bioavailability of other substances masks flavor, odor, or coloration stabilizes against light, oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis turns liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds. for use in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, toiletries, foods, tobacco, pesticides, textiles, paints, plastics, synthesis, polymers food processing aid Regulatory Japan approved not pemiitted in certain foods ManufJDistrib. Adept Sol ns. Aldrich Ashland Aventis Pharmaceuticals ... 

Precaution Dust is flamm. attacked by dil. hydrochloric and sulfuric acids corrodes readily in air explosive reaction with ammonium nitrate + heat ignites on contact with bromine pentafluoride incandescent reaction with acetylene, nitryl fluoride Uses In alloys oxidizing agent lamp filaments in mfg. of cobalt steel, cobalt salts electroplating ceramics catalyst (sulfur removal from petrol., Oxo process, org. synthesis) trace element in fertilizers drier in inks, paints colors cermets in porcelain, glass, pottery, enamels pigment in paints food processing aid cemented carbides jet... 

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