Fluorides structural properties

Relations between the structure and properties have been investigated in a variety of solids such as metal oxides, chalcogenides, pnictides and halides. In addition to studying model systems for testing theoretical predictions, solid state chemists have been preparing new classes of solids as well as novel members of known types of solids. In this section, we have chosen three classes of solids, viz. metal oxides, metal sulphides and metal fluorides, to discuss structure-property relations we shall concentrate especially on their electrical and magnetic properties. 

The aim of this article is to summarize the preparations and chemical properties of the presently known oxide fluorides of the main-group elements. We have not included physical properties except to mention those which are novel or of special interest, particularly structural properties. 

Electronic Structure of Solids Fluorides Solid-state Chemistry Halides Solid-state Chemistry Macrocyclic Ligands Metallic Materials Deposition Metal-organic Precursors Oxides Solid-state Chemistry Periodic Table Trends in the Properties of the Elements Sol-Gel Synthesis of Solids Sohds Characterization by Powder Diffraction Structure Property Maps for Inorganic Solids Superconductivity Thin Film Synthesis of Solids. 

The structural properties of transition metal fluorides have been reviewed, e.g. by Babel (2). If electronic transition energies are considered, however, one need not look at the total variety of structure tjq>es,but only at the nearest neighbomrs of a transition metal ion. As a first approximation, the unit [Me + seems to behave like an isolated cluster , even... 

Nasef M, Zubir NA, Ismail AF, Khayet M (2006) Sulfonated radiation grafted pofystyrene pore-filled poly(vinylidene fluoride) membranes for direct methanol fuel cells structure— property correlations. Desalination 200 642-644... 

Curcio, E., Fontananova, E., Di Rrofio, G. and DrioU, E. 2006. Influence of the structural properties of poly(vinyhdene fluoride) membranes on the heterogeneous nucleation rate of protein crystals. 110 12438-12445. 

Nasef, M.M., Saidi, H. and Dahlan, K.Z.M. 2010b. Radiation grafted polyfvinylidene fluoride)-gra -polystyrene sulfonic acid membranes for fuel cells Structure-property relationships. Chin.. 1. Pohm. Sci. 28 761-770. 

BertheviUe B, Herrmannsdorfer T, Yvon K (2001) Structure data for K2MgH4 and Rb2CaH4 and comparison with hydride and fluoride analogues. J Alloys Compd 325 L13-L16 Hines J, Cambon O, Astier R et al (2004) Crystal structures of a-quartz homeotypes boron phosphate and boron arsenate structure-property relationships. Z Krist 219 32-37 Feldmann C, Jansen M (1995) Zurkristallchemischen Ahnlichkeit von Aurid- und Halogenid-lonen. Z anorg allgem Chem 621 1907-1912... 

For example, another problem may occur, if the intermediate has structural properties which prevent any further reaction of I with Li. One possibility is that the first transition leads to the formation of an intermediate which cannot incorporate Li in a following intercalation step. However, the reaction systems (e.g., of oxides, fluorides) investigated so far rather show an intercalation step first, followed by a conversion step. 

Elucidation of the structural properties and phase equilibria of the intermediate phases are clearly an emerging area of halide chemistry. Many of the known structures are fluorite-related and powder data for other intermediate halides (Druding and Corbett, 1961), indicate that they too are fluorite derivatives. It is possible that many of the intermediate halides, including the fluorite-related fluorides, are structurally related members of homologous series. Because of the long periodicities of the intermediate halide structures, they should be amenable to investigation by lattice imaging techniques. 

A water molecule can form a maximum of four hydrogen bonds because it can accept two and donate two hydrogen atoms. Other molecules like hydrogen fluoride, ammonia, methanol form hydrogen bonds but they do not show anomalous behavior of thermodynamic, kinetic or structural properties like those observed in water. The answer... 

Table 1. Textural and structural properties of magnesium fluoride samples obtained by different methods.

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