Fluorescence and structure

Ishi, Y., and Lehrer, S.S. (1986) Effects of the state of the succinimido-ring on the fluorescence and structural properties of pyrene maleimide-labeled an-tropomyosin. Biophys./. 50, 75-80. 

Aral K, Namikawa H, Kumata K, Honda T, Ishii Y, Handa T (1986) Aluminum or phosphorus co-doping effects on the fluorescence and structural properties of neodymium-doped silica glass. J Appl Phys 59(10) 3430-3436... 

Kim Ki H, So P T C, Kochevar I E, Masters B R and Gratton E 1998 Two-photon fluorescence and confocal reflected light imaging of thick tissue structures Proc. SPIE 3260 46-57... 

Although these reactions suggest the possibility of a tautomeric equilibrium between the amide and imidol forms in the A -unsub-stituted compounds, the ultraviolet,fluorescence, and infrared spectra of a series of such compounds support the amide structure only. 

Koda, P., and Lee, J. (1979). Separation and structure of the prosthetic group of the blue fluorescence protein from the bioluminescent bacterium Photobacterium phosphoreum. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76 3068-3072. 

FMNH2 requirement in bacterial luminescence Crystallization of Cypridina luciferin Crystallization of firefly luciferin Cypridina luciferin in fishes the first cross reaction discovered Structure of firefly luciferin Discovery of aequorin and GFP (green fluorescent protein) Structure of Cypridina luciferin Concept of photoprotein Structure of Latia luciferin Dioxetanone mechanism proposed in firefly and Cypridina luminescence... 

Cyclodextrins can solubilize hydrophobic molecules in aqueous media through complex formation (5-8). A nonpolar species prefers the protective environment of the CDx cavity to the hulk aqueous solvent. In addition, cyclodextrins create a degree of structural rigidity and molecular organization for the included species. As a result of these characteristics, these macrocycles are used in studies of fluorescence and phosphorescence enhancement (9-11), stereoselective catalysis (.12,13), and reverse-phase chromatographic separations of structurally similar molecules (14,15). These same complexing abilities make cyclodextrins useful in solvent extraction. 

Since the wavelength is of the order of lattice distances, electrons that are scattered elastically undergo constructive and destructive interference (as with X-rays in XRD). The back-scattered electrons form a pattern of spots on a fluorescent screen from which the symmetry and structure of the surface may be deduced. 

It is generally assumed the fluorescence and Fourier transform mid-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopies do not suffer from the above-mentioned inconveniences and may be applied to turbid samples. Front-face (fluorescence) and attenuated total reflection (FT-IR) techniques may provide information on the structure of adsorbed proteins. 

Principles and Characteristics The prospects of Raman analysis for structural information depend upon many factors, including sample scattering strength, concentration, stability, fluorescence and background scattering/fluorescence from the TLC substrate. Conventional dispersive Raman spectroscopy has been considered as a tool for in situ analysis of TLC spots, since most adsorbents give weak Raman spectra and minimal interference with the spectra of the adsorbed species. Usually both silica and cellulose plates yield good-quality conventional Raman spectra, as opposed to polyamide plates. Detection limits for TLC fractions... 

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