Fluorene Active carcinogens

The first, unequivocal evidence for N-hydroxylation of an aromatic amine in vivo was obtained with 2-(acetamido)fluorene, which was detected in urine as its N-hydroxy derivative almost entirely in the form of a D-glucuronic acid conjugate (that could be cleaved by /3-d-glucosiduronase), to which structure 133 was assigned.362,383 Activation of chemical carcinogens (that are not themselves reactive, but are... 

The pyrolytic oils from municipal solid waste contain substantial concentration of PAH consisting mainly of naphthalene, fluorene and phenanthrene and their alkylated substituents. Some species were of known carcinogenic or mutagenic activity, e.g., methylfluorenes, phenanthrenes, chrysene, and methylchrysene. The PAH were formed via Diels Alder and deoxygenation secondary reactions. Increase in reactor temperature and residence time increased PAH concentration [382]. 

---