Fluid cracking advantages

DFCC systems appear to have the necessary metals tolerance to process residual oils and the abundant, cheaper, but heavily vanadium-contaminated, Venezuelan and Mexican crudes (66). Therefore, the dual function fluid cracking catalyst (DFCC) concept could lead to the generation of important catalysts for U.S. refineries should Middle East politics cause another sudden escalation in crude oil prices and availability. The concept is practical and easily implementable and it may offer a cost advantage over conventional commercial cracking catalysts (66). 

At the request of an international petroleum company, a major manufacturer and supplier of down-hole equipment performed tests of the various elastomers commonly used in the construction of packers and other oil field tools. Seven of the nine most commonly used thermoplastic materials were found to be completely inert to TKPP solutions. The test included continual immersion in saturated TKPP for 21 days at 280°F. Only two elastomers, Vi-ton and Fluorel, showed any adverse reaction. O-rings made from these two elastomers showed minor cracking at the termination of the test. A listing of the elastomers that tested inert to TKPP solutions include nitrile, saturated nitrile (HNBR), Aflas, Kalrez, PEEK, Glass-filled Teflon, and Ryton. Several of these elastomers are attacked or degraded by conventional clear completion fluids containing calcium and zinc halides. The inertness of commonly employed elastomers to TKPP is an important advantage for TKPP fluids in normal operations. 

One particular advantage of the CDTECH process is the ability of the alkylation reactor to accept a dilute ethylene feed. Because the alkylator operates in a mixed vapor-liquid phase, it is capable of utilizing dilute ethylene feeds, for example, offgas from a fluid catalytic cracking plant or dilute ethylene from a steam... 

The use of zeolite Y (FAU) as a catalyst in the petrochemicals industry and in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes is advantageous for five reasons ... 

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