Flower, Robin

Pond-edge flowering plants provide nectar for butterflies, bees, and other insects. Examples are marsh marigold (Caltha palustris), ragged robin (Lychnis flos-cuculi), and meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria). 

Tomas 0 Crohan, The Islandman, trans. Robin Flower (Dublin Talbot Press, 1934) P- xiii. 

Tannins from deciduous browse stems for mule deer (Odocoileus hemioms), white-tailed deer (O. virginiams), moose (Alces alces), carbou/reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)y and elk Cervus elephus) did not lower protein availability, but tannins from flowers, forbs, and tree and shrub leaves did. Tannins must be taken into account in understanding the defensive strategies of flowers and leaves (Robins et al, 1987). Furthermore, lesions are found in the gut of animals that normally do not consume tannins in quantity, whereas they are absent from animals that do. For example, Papilio... 

Figure 7.15 Some ecdysteroid examples. Makisterone A is used by some insects, including Apis mellifera arui Drosophila melanogaster, and by crabs and is a phytoecdysteroid in Podocarpus trees arui the wild flower Lychnis flos-cuculi (ragged robin). Ecdysone 22-palmitate is an example of a storage product found in insect ovaries arui eggs. Ajugasterone C is an example of a phytoecdysteroidfrom the Labiatae, Compositae and Verbenaceae, but also identified in an Anthozoa (corals and sea anemones)...

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