Flower architecture

TOBENA-SANTAMARIA, R., BLIEK, M LJUNG, K SANDBERG, G., MOL, J.N.M., SOUER, E., KOES, R., FLOOZY of petunia is a flavin mono-oxygenase-like protein required for the specification of leaf and flower architecture. Genes Dev., 2002,16, 753-763. 

You look up. The world rising above you is a tangle of strange architectures decorated with braids of 5-D flowers—or so you think. There are a number of tall spirals of stone that measure at least 100 yards in diameter at their bases. There are amber, pagoda-like plants, wonderfully tinted with red about their leaves. The plants seem to be part of the vast ancient architectural structures. 

Fig. 1 a—f. Various branched architectures obtained by the macromonomer technique a,b comb-like c,d star-like e brush f flower-like, a c, and e are poly(macromonomers) obtained by homopolymerization, while b, d, and f are graft copolymers obtained by copolymerization... 

Euphorbia Lathyris has a deeply-penetrating taproot, and may grow to a height of 3 or more. The main stem is stout but hollow, growing vertically. There are four rows of dark green, narrow, pointed leaves arranged in a cruciform pattern up the stem. Side branches may also develop up the stem in the same manner, giving the plant an architectural appearance. The plant produces one flower that develops into a three-seeded fruit that resembles a caper. It can be found in nearly any temperate forests. 

Cylindrical and tape-like morphologies have been identified in the case of PI-/ -PFS (PI = polyisoprene) where the PFS block crystallizes. " Water-soluble polyferrocenyldimethylsilane-/ -poly(aminoalkylmethacrylate) co-polymers of narrow polydispersity have also been prepared and cylindrical micelles have been identified. " Block co-polymers generated by transition metal-catalyzed ROP, such as PFS-/ -PDMS-/ -PFS triblock materials, have been shown to self-assemble in hexanes to yield a variety of remarkable architectures that include flower-like assemblies where the... 

When one of the dimensions of the material is in nanoscale, the material is known as a nanomaterial. Depending on the procedure for synthesis, the shape and size of the polymeric nanomaterial is altered. Hence the optimization process in the synthesis of any polymeric nanomaterial is critically important for its reproducibility. Various morphologies possessed by the electronically conducting polymeric nanomaterials are nanoparticles, thin films, nanotubes, nanorods, etc. Some special kinds of morphologies such as flower-like, dendritic, fibril-like, etc., are also foimd to exist. Some of the three-dimensional architectures contain the combination of various morphologies of the same polymeric material. The various structures are particularly important to their application. For example, for electrode purposes, the materials should have large surface area and hence three-dimensional nanostructures are preferred. 

The evolution of complex flowers is based on repeated synorganization of structural units (e.g. Endress, 2006). However, complexity may also be lost in evolution, as shown in Amorpheae (Leguminosae), in which the architecture of complex keel flowers has been lost (McMahon and Hufford, 2005), or in Besseya (Plantaginaceae), in which the corolla tube disappeared (Hufford, 1995). 

After the Y(N03)3 is solved in water in the absence of [H2P04], which is an IL anion, there is the possibility of formation of [Y(H20)2(N03)3 H2P04]. Then, [Ciymim], which is IL cation, can interact with precursor [Y(H20)2(N03)3 H2PO4] ions through electrostatic attraction. Therefore, flower-like Y2O3 architecture can be obtained by hydrothermal route by adding a small amount of [Ciymim] + [H2PO4]. 

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