Flow-through sensors integrated detection-separation

Figure 5.3 shows the different possible ways in which the ingredients of the (bio)chemical reaction can take part in the sensing process. For example, the analyte can be retained temporarily and take part in the separation process. The reagent can be present in the solution used to immerse the sensor or immobilized in a permanent fashion on a suitable support. Also, the catalyst can be introduced directly across a membrane or be permanently immobilized. Finally, the reaction product can be the species transferred in the separation process or also be temporarily immobilized. These and other, more specific alternatives that are described below are all possible in (bio)chemical flow-through sensors integrating reaction, separation and detection. 

Figure 5.3 — Types of immobilization and species involved in (bio)chemical flow-through sensors integrating reaction, separation and detection.

Flow-through sensors based on integrated separation and detection... 

Flow-through sensors based on integrated optical detection and a liquid-liquid separation are relatively scant since the analytes are rarely determined by their photometric or luminescence properties. Thus, with few exceptions, these sensors use amperometric detection —as noted earlier, ISEs and ISFETs are dealt with separately in Section 4.6. 

Figure 5.1 — Classification of (bio)chemical flow-through sensors based on integrated reaction, separation and detection according to whether the three processes take place sequentially (A,B) or simultaneously (C) at the sensing microzone. S sample R reagent. (Reproduced from [1] with permission of the Royal Society of Chemistry).

TYPES OF FLOW-THROUGH (BIO)CHEMICAL SENSORS BASED ON INTEGRATED SEPARATION AND DETECTION... 

Figure 4.1 — Classification of flow-through (bio)chemical sensors integrating separation and detection according to various criteria.

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