Flow behavior, general

Flow in tubular reactors can be laminar, as with viscous fluids in small-diameter tubes, and greatly deviate from ideal plug-flow behavior, or turbulent, as with gases, and consequently closer to the ideal (Fig. 2). Turbulent flow generally is preferred to laminar flow, because mixing and heat transfer... 

The purpose of our study was to model the steady-state (capillary) flow behavior of TP-TLCP blends by a generalized mathematical function based on some of the shear-induced morphological features. Our attention was primarily confined to incompatible systems. 

Since the syrup solids increase generally stepwise while proceeding from one compartment to the next, and the contents of each compartment are boiling under constant pressure, the temperature in each succeeding compartment increases. It is claimed that the linear flow behavior provided by the reactor staging results in more favorable rubber phase morphology than would be the case if the second reactor were operated as a single CSTR. 

Velocity-encoding 2D NMR imaging methods characterize general patterns of spatial velocity distributions and directly visualize different characteristics of flow behavior depending on the properties of the materials and operating param-... 

Flow behavior of powders is also of interest in direct compression. It is generally accepted that the flow rate initially increases with particle size, achieves a maximum in the range of 100-400 /um, and then decreases [85]. An excipient that has been well characterized is lactose, which undergoes particle fragmentation when compacted. For a-lactose monohydrate, it has been shown that the... 

The flow-behavior index n (or n) may be assumed independent of temperature and concentration for small changes in such conditions (R3). For larger changes, Vaughn (V2) has found the following generalizations to be valid for water-dispersible polymers ... 

For Bingham plastics the changes in yield value t with temperature have been reported generally to resemble changes of the flow-behavior index n similarly, the coefficient of rigidity ri frequently changes as rapidly with temperature as the viscosity of the suspending medium (Gl). 

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