Flood load diagram

Flood Load Diagrams for Various Random and Structured Packings... 

Figure 7-14. Flood load diagram according to Mersmann [17] for non-pulsed packed column. The experimental data is marked by the hatched area...

Figure 7-16. Flood load diagram according to Mersmann [15], modified by Mackowiak with own test points and [6, 9,11-14]. Symbols see Table 7-4...

Fig. 24. Souders load diagram for capacity limit determination for four stmctured packiags of the Sul2er-MeUapak type. The soHd lines represent the capacity limits of the respective packiags as defiaed by a pressure drop of 1.2 kPa/m (A) 125 Y (B) 250Y (C) 350Y (D) 500 Y. Flooding rates are about...

Figure 7-17 [15] shows a comparison between the experiment and the calculated flooding point data, Eq. (7-21), with the parameter m= 1.9 for pure binary mixtures and ternary mixtures C D and for the mass transfer direction D C with the parameter m = 1.5. As can be seen from the comparison, the experimental data has been verified by calculation with an accuracy of less than 20 %. It was therefore possible to significantly consolidate and generalise the information available on the loading capacity of non-pulsed extractors, compared to Mersmann s flooding point diagram shown in Fig. 7-14. 

The column diameter of the extractor can be determined using the flooding point diagram, acc. to Fig. 7-16 and Eqs. (7-19) and (7-21). Curve 1, with the parameter m = 1.9, apphes to the transfer direction C D and to pure binary mixtures as well as to random and structured packings as well as tube columns ofvarious types and sizes. The operation of packed column below the loading line uc < 0.65 - ucjq is recommended. 

Mozenski and Kucharski [2] examined the pressure-drop, overload limit, and flooding limit of a column (0.5 m diameter) packed with Pall rings (35 mm diameter) and Bialecki rings (35 mm and 50 mm diameter) sprayed with propylene carbonate up to 15 bar. Some specific correlations have been proposed and compared with literature data for atmospheric pressure, particularly with the use of the Sherwood diagram for loading-and flooding capacities. 

Figure 2-20. Height of an overall transfer unit for various L/V ratios as a function of the Reynolds number of vapour Rey and liquid Re L acc. to Schmidt [32]. As shown in this diagram, the lower loading line is below the flooding line...

Figure 2-21. Lower loading line UL,u flooding line for 25 mm Pall ring column acc. to Schmidt [32]. This diagram highlights the overlapping of both limit lines and shows the operating range of the packed column for a given system...

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