Flexural strengthening design

Similar to the design of flexural strengthening, the following states for the shear design of reinforced concrete (RC) members can be distinguished as the stmctural loads increase ... 

In the following sections, the design of flexural and shear strengthening as well as confinement are described. Note that these design methods are still under development and that all equations in these sections are presented without safety factors. In an actual design, safety factors must be applied. 

Ibiantafillou, T. C. and C. P. Antonopoulos (2000). Design of concrete flexural members strengthened in shear with FRP./owraa/ of Composites for Construction 4(4) pp. 198-205. 

An ultimate limit state analysis requires to establish the value of the FRP reinforcement so that the design factored moment, Msd, and the flexural capacity of the strengthened structure, Mr[Pg.69]

In order to evaluate the design flexural resistance of the FRP-strengthened member as well, in the presence of an axial force (combined compressive and bending stress), the principles introduced in the previous chapters are valid, as long as the dependence of the design flexural capacity Mr, of the strengthened member on the normal factored axial force, Nsi, is taken into account. 

Chaallal, O., Nollet, M. J. and Perraton, D. (1998), Strengthening of reinforced concrete beams with externally bonded fiber-reinforced-plastic plates Design guidelines for shear and flexure , Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol. 25, Issue 4, pp. 692-704. 

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