Flavonoid in citrus

Dugo, R, Presti, M. L., Ohman, M., Fazio, A., Dugo, G., and Mondello, L., Determination of flavonoids in citrus juices by micro-HPLC-ESI/MS, Journal of Separation Science 28(11), 1149-1156, 2005. 

Nogata, Y. et al.. High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of naturally occurring flavonoids in Citrus with a photodiode-array detector, J. Chromatogr., 667, 59, 1994. 

Calabro ML, Galtieri V, Cutroneo P, Tommasini S, Ficarra P and Ficarra R, Study of the extraction procedure by experimental design and validation of a LC method for determination of flavonoids in Citrus bergamiaydvx. J Pharm BiomedAnal 35 349-363 (2004). 

A complete description of the oils is given in the section Flavonoids in Citrus Peel Oils , and other references are listed in the bibliography. 

Since the very beginning, citrus flavonoids have awakened the interest of chemists. Thus, hesperidin was reported for the first time by Lebreton in 1928 [10], Nowadays it is widely accepted that hesperidin, neohesperidin, and eriocitrin are the major flavonoids in citrus fruits. Other flavanones that may be found, although in lower percentages, are isonaringin and isosakuranetin. Likewise, other compounds that occur as... 

Jourdan PS, McIntosh CA, Mansell RL (1985b) Naringin levels in citrus tissues. II. Quantitative distribution of naringin in Citrus paradisi Macfad. Plant Physiol 77 903-908 Kamiya S, Esaki S, Konishi F (1979) Flavonoids in citrus hybrids. Agric Biol Chem 43 1529-1536 Kefford JF, Chandler BV (1970) The chemical constituents of Citrus fruits. Academic Press, New York... 

Nishiura M, Kamiya S, Esaki S, Ito F (1971a) Flavonoids in Citrus and related genera. II. Isolation and identification of isonaringin and neoeriocitrin from Citrus. Agric Biol Chem 35 1683-1690... 

Manthey, J.A. Grohmann, K. Concentrations of hesperidin and other orange peel flavonoids in citrus processing byproducts. J. Agric. Food Chem. v. 44, p. 811-814, 1996. 

Other methods, such as matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) have also been applied in sample pretreatment. Among other applications, MSPD was recently used for the analysis of seven flavonoids in citrus juice [56] or 18 flavonoids from Ginkgo biloba tablets combining extraction and cleanup in a single run [57]. 

Barfi, B., A. Asghari, M. Rajabi, A. Barfi, and I. Saeidi. 2013. Simplified miniaturized ultrasound-assisted matrix solid phase dispersion extraction and high performance liquid chromatographic determination of seven flavonoids in citrus fruit juice and human fluid samples Hesperetin and naringenin as biomarkers, f. Chromatogr. A 13H(l) 30-40. 

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