Flavanoid compounds

Etievant, R, Schihch, R. (1988). Varietal and geographic classification of french red wines in terms of pigments and flavanoid compounds. /. Sci. Food Agric. 42, 39-54. 

Morel et al. (1993) have reported that three flavanoids (catechin, quercetin and diosmetin) are cytoprotective on iron-loaded hepatocyte cultures. Their cytoprotective activity (catechin > quercetin > diosmetin) correlated with their iron-chelating ability (Morel et al., 1993). These compounds should also be good phenolic antioxidants so iron chelation may only be part of the story. 

In the case of the low abundance of some compounds, there are difficulties with signal overlap. To overcome these difficulties, there have been developments involving NMR hyphenation with techniques such as HPLC and mass spectrometry. In LC/NMR methods of analysis, NMR is used as the detector following LC separation and this technique is capable of detecting low concentrations in the nanogram range. This technique has been reported for the detection and identification of flavanoids in fruit juices and the characterization of sugars in wine [17]. 

Now that an haustorial inducing factor has been characterized in a host plant that could be grown in the laboratory, the levels of the compounds actually exuded could be analyzed. John Steffens and Rody Spivey focused on developing methods that would allow for suitable quantitation. Efforts were made to quantitate not only the terpenoid components, but also the flavanoid, genistein (4, 5,7-trihydroxyiso-flavone), which was found to be a major isoflavone of Lespedeza. Genistein was analyzed to gain an estimate of levels of phenylpro-... 

This limitation is well Illustrated by the failure of those methods to uncover the presence of another important group, the flavanoid, coumarin and cinnamic acid phenols (85 - 117). On the other hand, some 32 of these compounds were identified when isolation procedures specific for these types of compounds were employed. Using isolation and identification techniques which are particularly useful for alkaloids, it would be possible to determine whether any representatives of this class are present and, if so, to conduct subsequent studies for structure determination. 

Biflavanoids in vegetables and fruits play a vital role in the storage of ascorbic acid in leukocytes, in the core of adrenal glands and in other organs. It also causes more effective expenses under ascorbic acid s deficiency in the organism. Phenolic compounds present in the organism, activate detoxication processes in the liver. The flavanoids exceed the tocopherols and carotenoids in terms of antioxidant effect. 

Aflatoxins, alkaloids, anabolic compounds, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, bile add, carbohydrates, etheric oil components, fatty adds, flavanoids, glycosides, lipids, mycotoxins, nitroanilines, nucleotides, peptides, pestiddes, steroids, sulfonamides, surfacfanfs, sweef-eners, tetracyclines, vitamins... 

A number of compounds that have. structural characteristics broadly related to the benzodiazepines, including neuro-active flavanoids, imidazopyridines. and pyrazolopyriniid-iiKs. can act as positive mc ulators at the benzodiazepine recognition site on one or more of the GABAa receptor mbtypes. Compounds may produce all the characteristic actions of benzodiazepines or be selective, as are. for example, anxiolytic flavanoids or the. sedative-hypnotics zolpidem and zalephun. 

The flavanoids red, yellow, blue, orange, ivory colors they are oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds... 

Until now, we have isolated over 50 triterpenoids, about 100 diterpenoids, more than half being new compounds, a total of 15 sesquiterpenoides and sesterterpenoides, 40 flavanoides and several aromatic compounds. Recently we have studied quite a number of Salvia species and isolated various group of compounds. The structures of the new compounds are discussed below. 

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