Flammulina velutipes

STRAINS Many wild and domesticated strains of F. velutipesare available from commercial and private stocks. (See Appendix). The Japanese have remained at The forefront of Enoke cultivation with two popular commercial strains, Maruei and Ebios . 

COMMON NAME Enoke Winter Mushroom or Velvet Stem. 

LATIN ROOT Flammulina comes from the latin word flammeus or flame colored for the yellowish orange to reddish orange color ofthe cap. The species epithet velutipes is the conjunction of two latin words, the adjective velutinus meaning covered with fine hairs and the noun pes or foot. 

NATURAL HABITAT Common across the North American continent and in other temperate to boreal regions of the world. Thriving on woody tissue, especially living trees and considered a cold weather mushroom. 

Mycelial Types Linear to cottony mycetia. sometimes aerial. 

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Some mushroom species do not grow well on grain and are better suited to alternative spawn media. Other mushrooms are grown on substrates incompatible with grain spawn. For example sawdust and bran are the preferred spawn materials for the cultivations of wood inhabitors such as Lentinus edodes and Flammulina velutipes. Another spawn media has a perlite bran base. Perlite is vitreous rock, heated to 1000°F. and exploded like popcorn. The thin flakes of bran are readily sterilized while the perlife gives the medium its structure. The recipes are ... 

Japanese growers of Flammulina velutipes. Auricularia auricula and allies, and Pleurotus ostreatus have a standard substrate formula consisting of 4 parts sawdust and 1 part bran. The saw-... 

Figure 109 Flammulina velutipes, the Enoke Mushroom, fruiting in mason jar containing sawdust mixture.

H. Tonomura, 1974. "Flammulina velutipes m The Biology and Cultivation of Edible Mushrooms. Academic Press, New York. 

If the ultimate cultivation method Involves beds of compost, the tests can be made with small boxes filled with compost, but the boxes should be filled to the same depth as the beds will be in the full scale project. If the fungus Is fruited In jars (ex. Flammulina velutipes).a few jars can be Inoculated with each strain. Good records must be kept for comparing the fruiting potential of each strain. 

Xu ZY, Wu ZA, Bi KS. A novel norsesquiterpene alkaloid from the mushroomforming fungus Flammulina velutipes. Chin Chem Lett 2013 24(l) 57-8. 

Flammulina velutipes (Curt. Fr.) Sing = Collybia velutipes Curt.iFr. 

Glycoproteins. Isol. from Flammulina velutipes. Shows antitumour activity. Sol. H2O poorly sol. hexane. Phys. and chem. props, of 9 Shinnamins are reported. 

A polysaccharide (mol. wt. 9.5 x 10 ) containing residues of D-galactose, D-mannose, and L-fucose (12 3 4) has been purified from the fruiting bodies of Flammulina velutipes. The structure (23) is based on the results of methyla-tion analysis, i.r. spectroscopy, and interaction studies with concanavalin A. Every third (1 -> 6)-linked a-D-galactopyranosyl residue is substituted with either an L-fucopyranosyl group or a 3-0-a-D-mannopyranosyl-L-fucopyranosyl unit. 

Bao, H.N.D., Ochiai, Y., and Ohshima, T. 2010. Antioxidative activities of hydrophilic extracts prepared from the fruiting body and spent culture medium of Flammulina velutipes. Bioresource technology, 101(15), 6248-55. 

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