First-Generation Models

A first-generation model for the tertiary structure of the -ATPase... 

Kaminski GA, Stern HA, Berne BJ, Friesner RA, Cao YXX, Murphy RB, Zhou RH, Halgren TA (2002) Development of a polarizable force field for proteins via ab initio quantum chemistry first generation model and gas phase tests. J Comput Chem 23(16) 1515—1531... 

In conclusion, the presented dinuclear iron structure is the first example of a bio-mimetic iron compound, which can be regarded as a first generation model for the class of [Fe]-only hydrogenases. The complex incorporates both relevant carbon monoxide ligands, as well as three bridging thiolato ligands, which could be possibly present in the active site of these enzymes. 

The central financial assumption for the calculation of second generation leve-lized PV electricity and H2 prices is the assignment of the depreciated 10% value of first generation assets as the second generation investment value for equity holders. All other second generation capital investments, revenues, expenses, depreciation, and taxes are entered into the net present value cash flow model in exactly the same manner as the first generation model. The capital structure of H2 production and distribution firms is assumed to remain 30% equity and 70% debt. The rate of return on equity remains 10%, the rate of return on debt remains 7%, the income tax rate remains 39%, and the discount rate remains 6%. 

FIGURE 193 Proposed receptor/gene-mediated pharmacodynamic models for CS action (A) first-generation model, (B) second-generation model, (C) third-generation model, (D) fourth-generation model, and (E) fifth-generation model. 

Iron porphyrins have been studied extensively over the past 30 + years as model systems of cytochrome P450.13 Biomimetic model studies included variants in axial ligands (thiolate and other bases), the oxidation of alkanes, olefins, sulfides, and amines, and utilization of several oxidants such as hypochlorite (bleach), iodoso-benzene (ArlO), hydrogen peroxide, and organic peroxides (ROOH). The first-generation models employed the mevo-tetraary I porphyrins (Figure 3.5). These were... 

One limitation of the work on animal n-3 deficiency is that the dietary conditions do not model well the human situation. It would thus be valuable if neural DHA levels could be significantly reduced so that changes in function could be evaluated in pups born to mothers who had not been deprived of dietary n-3 fatty acids. This would then be a first generation model of n-3 deficiency. 

There has been very little work to date on first-generation models of neural n-3 deficiency. Weisinger et al. found effects of postnatal n-3 deprivation on electroretinographic responses in guinea pigs (28) and mean arterial blood pressure in rats (29). Ward et al. (30) showed that gastrostomy feeding of safflower oil-based diet to rats from d 5 of life to adulthood led to an 50% decline in brain DHA. Connor et al. (31) observed a marked decrease in brain and retinal DHA in rhesus monkeys that had been fed a safflower oil-based diet from birth. 

Figure 9. The structure of the cation in the first generation model complex (15).

The prepared polymeric vesicles were, indeed, functionalized with peptide targeting ligands in the aim to enhance cellular uptake and confer an active targeting modality to the vesicles. The resulted polyplex was followed in vitro by monitoring the encapsulated carboxyfluorescein and the obtained results confirmed that the prepared polymersomes represent a promising first generation model system for targeted delivery of siRNA. 

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