Fine Chemicals Corporation

The only South African-based API manufacturer. Fine Chemicals Corporation (FCC) was foimded in 1962 in Cape Town. At inception, FCC produced codeine phosphate, morphine sulphate and paracetamol exclusively for the South African market. The product range was expanded in the 1980s with the development of a number of generic APIs, primarily for the US market. In the 1990s, FCC invested heavily to meet emerging international standards of GMP production. Since then, the company has been successfully inspected by various regulatory authorities including the USFDA in 1996, 1999, 2002 and 2006. 

Sigma-Aldrich Fine Chemicals Sithean Corporation... 

Rashtriya Chemicals Fertilizers (India) Samsung Fine Chemicals (South Korea) Sithean Corporation... 

Advances Synthesis Teclmologies GFS Chemicals Sigma-Aldrich Fine Chemicals Sithean Corporation Ubichem (UK)... 

Bayer Agricultural Products Group, See Bayer CropScience, Subsidiary of Bayer AG (Gemiany), 161 Bayer Basic and Fine Chemicals Business Group, 161 Bayer Corporation, 161,219 Bayer CropScience, 161 BAYFERROX , hon oxide pigments, 22 BAYFIT , poljoirethane foam, 22 BAYGON , propoxur, 22 Baymag, 148... 

TOMES PLUS hiforniation System., 307 Toniita Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., 190 Tomiyama Pure Chemical Industries Ltd., 190 Topnote Aromatics Ltd., 176 TOR Minerals International, 250 Toray Fine Chemicals Co. Ltd., 190 Toray Industries hic., 190 TORDON , picloram, 130 Tosco Corporation, 251 Tosoh Corporation, 190... 

The absence of water in the lithium bromide is of great importance. Traces of wrater lower the yield of product by 10-20%. LiBr-2 H20 (purchased from E. Merck Company, Inc., Darmstadt or City Chemical Corporation) was dissolved three times in anhydrous acetonitrile-benzene (1 1), and the solvents removed each time on a rotary evaporator. The lithium bromide was dried under high vacuum at 100° for 1 hour, ground to a fine powder with a mortar and pestle while still warm, and again dried at 100°, as above, for 3 hours. 

The development of new products for new markets (e.g., electronic chemicals for a fine-chemical company thus far dealing only with life sciences) is the task of corporate development. The latter is a staff function reporting to the CEO. It deals with activities outside the authority of the operating divisions. Apart from new products for new markets, it also looks after joint ventures, mergers and acquisitions, and divestitures. 

Different cooperation models for offshoring fine-chemical production are conceivable. They vary mainly with regard to the financial and corporate integration. Four examples are described in Table 14.4. 

Antiblaze ALBEMARLE CORPORATION AnyCoat SAMSUNG FINE CHEMICALS Apical KAN EKA CORPORATION Apollo Advisors LP BERRY PLASTICS CORPORATION... 

Corporate Department Marketing Sales Fine Chemicals Binger Strasse 173 D-55216 Ingelheim Germany... 

Fluorinated aromatic compounds. Finger and Kruse found that an aromatic chlorine or bromine atom activated by an o- or p-nitro group is subject to nucleophilic displacement by fluoride ipn on reaction with potassium fluoride in solvents such as succinonitrile, dimethyl formamide, or dimethyl sulfoxide. Unpublished work at Olin Mathieson Chemical Corporation indicates that best results are obtained with dimethyl sulfoxide as solvent and with potassium fluoride that has been finely ground (<100 mesh) and dried in a vacuum oven at 100° for at least 4 hrs. prior to use. In a typical case a mixture of p-nitrochlorobenzene, potassium fluoride, and dimethyl sulfoxide is stirred under reflux at 180° for 8-9 hrs., the cooled mixture... 

Aldrich—Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals-, Sigma Aldrich Corporation Hyderabad, India, 1998-1999. 

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