Filter productivity

Bromo-2-nitrophenylacetic acid (26 g, 0.10 mol) was dissolved in a mixture of 50% HjSO (400 ml) and ethanol (600 ml) and heated to 90°C. Over a period of 1 h, zinc dust (26.2 g, 0.40 mol) was added. slowly and then heating was continued for 2 h. The excess ethanol was removed by distillation. The solution was cooled and filtered. The filtrate was extracted with EtOAc. The filtered product and extract were combined, washed with 5% NaCOj and brine and then dried (MgSO ). The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue recrystallized from methanol to give 20.5 g (97% yield) of the oxindole. 

Mcetate Tow Production and Characterisation, Filter Products Division, Technical Bulletin FPB-4, Hoechst Celanese Corp., Charlotte, N.C., 1989. 

The product stream from the kilns is collected in storage bins. Black ash from the bins is fine-ground in a ball mill and fed to a leacher circuit, which is a system of stirred tanks, where it is dissolved in water and the muds are separated by countercurrent decantation. The solution from the decantation is passed through filter presses the muds are washed, centrifuged, and discarded. The filtered product, a saturated solution containing 12—13 wt % strontium sulfide, is sent to an agitation tank where soda ash is added to cause precipitation of strontium carbonate crystals ... 

A more granular and easily filterable product is obtained than when cold water is used. 

This three-dimensional cutaway drawing illustrates the filtering operation of the QAF9 filter-bag pressure filter system, showing the flow patterns of unflltered liquid through a preselected micronrated felt filter bag which renders the desired quality of filtered product. 

The filtered product is then thoroughly washed with water and crystallized from a benz or acet soln. For details see Ref 82, pp 59—61 An alternate, two-stage method of producing Tetryl is used in Germany. In the first stage dinitrome thy laniline is prepd by reacting chloro-dinitrobenzene with methylamine in the presence of Na hydroxide. In the second stage the... 

Waste nylon-6,6 was washed in a diluted commercial detergent solution at 100°C for 0.5 h and then rinsed twice with water to remove any finishes present. The washed nylon-6,6 was then reacted with molten adipic acid for 1.5 h or more at a temperature of 175°C with a weight ratio of nylon-to-adipic acid of 0.15 1. The molten product was then exposed to steam at a temperature of 230-233°C to remove any stabilizers present. The acidolysis product was then hydrolyzed with water at a temperature of 204°C under autogenous pressure for 0.5 h or longer with a ratio of water to acidolysis product of 0.50 1 (w/w). The hot solution was then filtered at 100°C to remove any titanium dioxide present. The filtered product was then mixed with HMDA to neutralize any excess acid present. The solution was then filtered to remove any solids. A 50% by weight aqueous solution of HMDA was added to the filtrate, and under standard polymerization conditions, polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon-6,6) was produced. 

Bromo-4,5,6-trichlorophenol. 2,3,4-Trichlorophenol (20 grams, 0.10 mole) was dissolved in 30 ml of HO Ac and titrated with bromine (18 grams, 0.11 mole) dissolved in HOAC-H2O (30 ml each). The last few drops of bromine caused the characteristic color of bromine to persist. The product was precipitated by adding water to the reaction mixture. The filtered product was recrystallized from methanol-water solvent yielding 27 grams (98% yield) of white crystals. 

Brooks GO, Cousins AR, CreUin RA (1974) Puff by puff impact - extractable nicotine studies on Hallmark cigarettes from Austraha report no. Rd. 1108-R. 21 May 1974. Brown Williamson. Bates 650318361-650318421. http //tobaccodocuments.org/bw/70032.html Brown Williamson (1977) Long-term product development strategy. 28 Nov 1977. Bates 501011512-501011515. http //tobaccodocuments.org/bw/90839.html Brown Wilhamson (1983) Directed flows of smoke. 17 Feb 1983. Bates 509001468-509001475. http //tobaccodocuments.org/product design/1334.html Browne CL (1990) The design of cigarettes, 3rd edn. C Filter Products Division, Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte, NC... 

Unfiltered and filtered product no chemical and physical difference... 

Filter product into this storage tank. Fill under carbon dioxide cover. 

Washing the tetryl. The filtered product is despatched in aluminium barrels from the nitration department to a special room where it is poured into a washing tank (Fig. 9). The tank of 1350 1. capacity, fitted with a stirrer, may be of wood lined with stainless steel. It is fed with water through pipe (/), and is heated by direct steam injection through pipe (2). 

It is important to add the dichromate solution rapidly in order to obtain a good yield of easily filterable product. In a run in which the dichromate solution was added over a period of 25 minutes, only a 10% yield of nitrosobenzene was obtained. 

In subsequent runs with a given coal, filtered product liquid from the previous run was used to slurry the coal. After the tetralin content of the liquid product decreased to 5 percent or less, three or four additional runs were made. All liquids with less than 5 percent tetralin were combined as the crude coal liquid. 

The coal liquid is obtained by reacting Kentucky 9/14 coal-LRO slurry for 60 minutes at 410°C in an autoclave reactor under 2000 psig (13.9 MPa) hydrogen pressure. The product from the autoclave is collected and filtered using Watman 51 filter paper to remove the mineral matter and undissolved coal. The liquid product is saved and used for further hydrotreating studies. The analysis of the filtered product from the coal dissolution step is given in Table I. 

Apparatus 13 is loaded with burnt calcium chloride (1% of the product weight) through the top hatch the mixture is agitated for 4-5 hours. Then the mixture is filtered in nutsch filter 14 from there the filtrate is sent into apparatus 17 through batch box 15 to be purified with active coal. At agitation the apparatus is loaded with dry active coal (2% of the product amount). The jacket is filled with vapour, the contents of the apparatus are heated to 70-80 °C and are agitated at this temperature for 2 hours. The acidity is sampled. When pH of the aqueous extract is 6-7, the hot purified product (70-80 °C) is filtered in nutsch filter 18. The filtered product is collected in receptacle 19. 

Tetrabutoxytitanium from the vacuum distillation tank is sent into nutsch filter 12, where it is filtered from residual ammonia chloride and mechanical impurities. The filtered product is collected in receptacle 13. 

During the reaction a temperature of 70°C is maintained. After all the tetranitro-diphenylamine has been added, the reaction mixture is heated to 90°C, kept at this temperature for one hour, cooled down to room temperature and filtered on a vacuum filter. A yellow crystalline, easily filterable product is obtained. The spent acid is approximately of the following composition ... 

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