Fick, Adolf

Diffusion operates along well-defined physical principles first described in 1855 by Adolf Fick and now widely known as Fick s Laws of Diffusion. Philbert5 provides a detailed explanation of the laws and a historical account of Fick. While they were designed to describe the behavior of gas molecules under ideal theoretical conditions, Fick s Laws serve reasonably well to describe a wide variety of real diffusion events. Fick wrote the laws as a set of equations in the language of calculus but these can be rephrased in plain English. 

The quantitative study of diffusion started in 1850-1855 with the works of Adolf Fick and Thomas Graham. From the conclusion of his studies, Fick understood that diffusion obeys a law isomorphic to the Fourier law of heat transfer [17]. This fact allowed him to propose his first equation in order to macroscopically describe the diffusion process, that is, Fick s first law ... 

Diffusion is a concentration gradient-induced process that follows Fick s laws of diffusion—macroscopic, or continuum-level, empirical relations—derived by the German physiologist Adolf Eugen Fick (1829-1901) in 1855 (Fick, 1855). Fick s first law is written as... 

Transfer across membranes occurs down a concentration gradient (i.e. from regions of high drug concentration to regions where the concentration is lower). The process of diffusion can be described by Fick s law (named after the German physiologist, Adolf Fick), which states... 

At about the same time that Maxwell and Stefan were developing their ideas of diffusion in multicomponent mixtures, Adolf Fick and others were attempting to uncover the basic diffusion equations through experimental studies involving binary mixtures (Fick, 1855). The result of Fick s work was the law that bears his name. The Fick equation for a binary mixture in an isothermal, isobaric system is... 

James Clerk Maxwell Jozef Stefan Adolf Eugen Fick... 

Adolf Fick in 1855 developed equations to describe diffusion that are now called Fick s first and second laws of diffusion. In an isotropic material (where the properties do not vary with direction), and when diffusion occurs along only one dimension, which is approximately the case in most packaging systems, Fick s first law can be written ... 

Adolf Fick developed the law of diffusion by means of analogies with Fourier s work on thermal conduction [42]. Mathematically, the mass diffusion flux is thus expressed as ... 

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