Fibrin film

Fibrin films have been prepared ranging in thickness from 0.003 to 

when water-equilibrated, corresponding to weights of 0.1 to 60 mg. fibrin per sq. cm. The properties described below refer in most cases to films containing 10 mg. per sq. cm. 

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Ueda, H., Fukada, E. Piezoelectric effects in fibrin-films. Rep. Progr. Polymer Phys. Japan 14,481 (1971). 

McKenna CJ, Camrud AR, Sangiorgi G, et al. Fibrin-film stenting in a porcine coronary injury model efficacy and safety compared with uncoated stents. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998 3 I (6) 1434-1438. 

Ferry, J. D., and Morrison, P. R. (1945). The Physical Properties of Fibrin Films Prepared from Human Fibrinogen and Thrombin. II. Interim report under Contract OEMcmr-139 with the Committee on Medical Research and Development. 

Miyazaki, S. Ishii, K. Takada, M. Use of fibrin film as a carrier for drug delivery A long-acting delivery system for pilocarpine into the eye. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1982, 30 (9), 3405-3407. 

Ho, H., and Chen C., 1993, Diffusion characteristics of fibrin film, Int J. Pharm. 90 95-104. Holland, S. J., Tighe, B. J., and Gould, P. L., 1986, Polymers for biodegradable medical devices. 1. The potential of polyesters as controlled macromolecular release systems, J. Controlled... 

Feriy, J.D. and Monison, P.R. (1944) Chemical, clinical and immunological studies on the products of human plasma fractionation. X 4. Fibrin clots, fibrin films and fibrinogen plastics./. Clin. Invest., 23, 566-.a72. 

Matrix or macromolecule coupled and mode of coupling Glutaraldehyde-linked to a fibrin film... 

Fibrin dot was prepared by adding thrombin to a buffer sdution of fibrinogen. By stretching the dehydrated dot, oriented films of fibrin were formed. Fibrin contains both a-helix and -form structures. The temperature dependence of the d constant obtained for oriented fibrin films is similar to that for coUa m [29]. 

Fig. 32. Optical densities per mm. thickness of fibrin films plotted against fibrin content. O, dried and reswollen , pressed and reswollen 0, pressed at different pressures. From Ferry and Morrison (1947b).

The opacity of fibrin film is much diminished when the water it contains is replaced by glycerol this effect is attributed to the fact that the refractive index difference between protein and glycerol is much less... 

Porosity, From the rate of flow of water through thin fibrin film, rough estimates of the size of network interstices have been calculated as 45-100 A. From the fact that hemoglobin molecules pass readily through these films, it is concluded that the interstices are at least 40 A. wide. Moreover, the course of digestion of fibrin film by plasmin... 

Mechanical Properties. Water-equilibrated fibrin film can be stretched to two to three times its initial length, and, unless held for some time in the stretched state, returns to its original shape when the load is removed. The response to stress is not as rapid as in true rubberlike materials, and the film undergoes slow creep under constant load, as well as slow creep recovery after removal of load. Furthermore, stress-strain curves over cycles of elongation and contraction exhibit marked hysteresis. 

Fia. 33. Stress-strain curves of water-plastioized fibrin film. Fibrin contents 1, 30% 2, 44% 3, 69%. From Ferry and Morrison (1947b). 

Further evidence of anisotropy is given by the spontaneous contraction which can be induced in fibrin film by a variety of treatments, resulting in a decrease in area and increase in thickness. For example, the film swells in 1 M acetic acid containing 0.05 M sodium chloride to somewhat more than twice its water-equilibrated volume. The swelling is anisotropic the thickness increases more than threefold, while the area actually decreases slightly. The same phenomenon is observed in 4 M potassium thiocyanate and 6 M urea, with less volume increase, and... 

The faculty of being absorbed in the tissues without reaction, combined with its mechanical properties, has led to the use of fibrin film in various surgical applications, where structural devices are desired which will eventually disappear without the necessity of subsequent operation for removal. An added advantage is the use of protein material of human origin in human patients. 

Applications to Experimental Surgery. Beside the use of fibrin film... 

Clinical Applications. After its safety and efficacy in preventing adhesions were demonstrated in experimental animals, fibrin film was employed as a dural substitute in human patients (Ingraham and Bailey, 1944 Ingraham, Bailey, and Cobb, 1945). It has thus far proved entirely satisfactory in this application, for which no acceptable material was previously available. 

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