Ferrocene exchange reaction

Scheme 6.1-6 Arene exchange reactions of ferrocene in [BMIM]CI/AICl3.

Various redox functionalities have been appended to NP cores via thiolated redox molecules, place exchange reactions, and postfunctionalization of a MPC through amide15 or ester-forming reactions.16 The redox moieties include ferrocene,17 biferrocene, phenol, nitrobenzene, and anthraquinone, which commonly are synthesized using a gold core composition. The observed voltammetry of these redox-active units tend to exhibit similar electrochemical potentials to their free... 

Xanthene and 6-thiaxanthene complexes of iron, 102 (X = O, S) are prepared by the ligand exchange reaction between the heterocycle and ferrocene (86JOM(305)199). Chemical oxidation using potassium permanganate leads to the ketones 103 (X = O, S). In the case of X = S, sulfone 104 is also obtained. 

The yellow CpFe1 (//6-arene) salts (most commonly BF4 or PF6 ) are usually stable up to at least 200 °C, are stable in concentrated sulfuric acid, and are very resistant towards oxidation (until recently, it was believed that they could not be oxidized [23] vide infra). They are not easy to reduce either [23] (vide infra). The chloride salts [CpFe+( f -arene) Cl- are water-soluble they are formed upon hydrolysis following ligand-exchange reactions between ferrocene and the arene in the presence of aluminum chloride [21]. Such aqueous solutions may sometimes be directly used for nucleophilic reactions [22] (vide infra). The BF4- salts are also sometimes quite soluble in water, but the PF6- salts are much less so. Electrophilic reactions that are readily undergone by the free arenes, such as Friedel-Crafts reactions, are no longer possible on the CpFe+( /6-arene) complexes [19, 23]. On the other hand, a range of nucleophilic reactions that are impossible or very difficult to carry out with free arenes become possible under ambient or mild conditions with the CpFe+()/6-arene) complexes (Scheme 2) [16-20]. 

Homogeneous charge transfer can take place between chemically similar redox species of one redox couple, e.g., Fe3+ and Fe2+ ions in solution or ferrice-nium and ferrocene moieties in poly(vinylferrocene) films, the electron transfer (- electron hopping or electron exchange reaction) can be described in terms of second-order kinetics and according to the - Dahms-Ruff theory [viii-x] it may be coupled to the isothermal diffusion ... 

Eijectron spin resonance spectra alkyls and aryls, 7, 173 anion radicals from acylsilanes, 7, 138 metal nitrosyls, 7, 234 phosphine methylenes, 9, 298 Elimination reactions, 7, 166-167 Exchange reactions ferrocenes, 10, 80, 91 organo-Group II compounds, 8, 170-176... 

The rate constant ( ex) of the electron-exchange reaction between r-BuCeo and t-BuCeo was determined as 1.9 x 10 M s at 298 K by analyzing the linewidth variations of the ESR spectra [43], Although Ceo is perturbed by the t-Bu addend, the much larger value, compared with the value for the ferrocene/ferricenium exchange (5.3 x 10 s ), corroborates the high efficiency of electron transfer... 

Acid catalysed deuterium exchange reactions of arsabenzene and 1,1 - diarsa ferrocene... 

Dyson PJ, Grossel MC, Srinivasan N, Vine T, Welton T, Williruns DJ, White AJP, Zigras T (1997) OrganometaUic synthesis in ambient temperature chloroeiluminate(III) ionic liquids. Ligand exchange reactions of ferrocene. J Chem Soc Dtilton Trans 3465—3469... 

The most favorable compound for non-natural amino acid requires the following 1) stability to air, moisture, acid, base and heat, 2) complex inert to ligand exchange reaction, 3) electrochemical stability and 4) synthetic facility. Consequently, we selected ruthenium-polypyridine compounds and ferrocene derivatives shown in Fig. 3.33(b). Palladium compounds were prepared for spectroscopic comparisons and investigation. 

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