Fermentations monitoring

In terms of enzyme-based sensors for fermentation monitoring, the main problem is the lack of enzyme stability during long-term use. Two recent reviews describe the current state of the art, 62,63) so we will not dwell on their use. 

Fsbensen, K., Kirsanov, D., Legin, A., Rudnitskaya, A., Mortensen, J., Pedersen, J., Vognsen, L., Makarychev-Mikhailov, S., and Vlasov, Y. (2004). Fermentation monitoring using multisensor systems Feasibility study of the electronic tongue. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 378(2), 391-395. 

Arnold, S.A. Harvey, L.M. McNeil, B. etal., Employing near-infrared spectroscopic methods of analysis for fermentation monitoring and control. Part 1 Method development BioPharm Int. 2002, 15, 26-34, and Arnold, S.A. Harvey, L.M. McNeil, B. etal., Employing near-infrared spectroscopic methods of analysis for fermentation monitoring and control. Part 2 Implementation strategies BioPharm Int. 2003, 16, 47 19, 70. 

Grube, M. Gapes, J.R. 8t Schuster, K.C., Application of quantitative IR spectral analysis of bacterial cells to acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation monitoring Anal. Chim. Acta 2002, 471, 127-133. 

No application to real samples, in particular, to fermentation monitoring, was reported. 

Optical biosensors have been applied extensively in many fields, such as the life sciences, for biotechnology quality control, in clinical analysis, environmental control, fermentation monitoring, product control in the food and beverage industry, just to name a few [83 - 96]. They can be used to study a wide variety of biological systems interactions from proteins, oligonucleotides, oligosaccharides, and lipids to small molecules, phage, viral particles and cells [83], determination of bacterial and viral concentrations interactions, between... 

L-lactate and oxalate were also tested with lactate-2-monoxygenase and oxalate decarboxylase and excellent results were obtained. CPG columns were employed in both instances. Good linearity was obtained between 0.005 -1 mM for L-lac-tate [3] and between 0.1-3 mM for oxalate [24]. Similarly, urea was measured with a precision better than 1 % in the linearity range 0.01-200 mM using Jack bean urease. The reaction of urea with ethanol to produce ethylcarbamate is of interest in fermentation monitoring. 

C.-H. Wu, L. Scampavia, J. Ruzicka, B. Zamost, Micro sequential injection fermentation monitoring of ammonia, glycerol, glucose, and free iron using the novel lab-on-valve system, Analyst 126 (2001) 291. 

M. Garn, M. Gisin, C. Thommen, P. Cevey, A flow injection analysis system for fermentation monitoring and control, Biotechnol. Bioeng. 34 (1989) 423. 

Wu X and Zhou W 1991 Fermentation monitoring and control by on-line flow injection and liquid chromatography Anal. Chim. Acta 249 87-100 [ 16] Holm K A 1986 Automated spectrophotometric determination of amyloglucosidase activity using p-nitrophenyl-a-D-glycopyranoside and a flow injection analyzer Analyst 111 927-9... 

Mazarevica, G., Diewok, J., Baena, J.R. et al. (2004) On-line fermentation monitoring by mid-infrared spectroscopy. Appl Spec, 58 (7), 804-810. 

Figure 22-1. Different sensors used for fermentation monitoring in biotechnology (based on Reference [2]).

Schugerl K, Brandes T, Dullau K, Holzhauer-Rieger K, Hotop S, Hiibner U, Wu X, Zhou W (1991). Fermentation monitoring and control by online flow injection and liquid chromatography. A flZ. Chim. Acta. 249 87-100. 

Table 19.3 describes the set of gas standards that would be used for this fermentation monitoring application. Gas cylinders are the recommended caHbration method for this application because accurate and stable mixtures can be procured from many gas suppliers. As described above in the caHbration section, initially a complete caHbration must be performed with all caHbration gases, to be repeated monthly, with a weekly or daily subset caHbration with nitrogen alone to correct for most normal instrument drift Frequency of caHbration is very application... 

Currently, the assay of carbohydrates is a very important criterion for the quality control of drinks and foodstuffs, especially in dietary products. Assay of carbohydrates is also very important in the fields of monitoring of food-labeling claims, analysis of sweeteners, bulking agents, and fat substitutes as well as for establishing authenticity and in the fermentation monitoring in the production of alcoholic beverages. 

Marziano, L Sharp, D. C. A. Dunn, P. J. Hailey, P. A. (2000). On-Line Mid-IR Spectroscopy as a Real-Time Approach in Monitoring Hydrogenation Reactions, Organic Process Research Development, Vol.4, No.5, pp. 357-361, ISSN 1520-586X Mazarevica, G. Diewok, J. Baena, J. R. Rosenberg, E. Lendl, B. (2004). On-Line Fermentation Monitoring by Mid-infrared Spectroscopy. Applied Spectroscopy, Vol.58, No.7, pp. 804-810, ISSN 1943-3530... 

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