4-ferf-Butyl pyridine

Adsorbing of diethyl oxalate on the titania surface retards the interfacial charge recombination that has a beneficial effect on the VOC and short circuit current. Furthermore, the effect mechanisms of diethyl oxalate and 4-ferf-butyl pyridine additives on the cell performance by applying different electrolytes containing the additives have been compared. These compoimds are shown in Figure 2.40... 

The results showed that 4-ferf-butyl pyridine increases VOC, while diethyl oxalate additive has an effect on the short circuit current. Using a combination of these additives leads to a remarkable improvement. As a result, diethyl oxalate has been shown to be a... 

Accordingly, experimental conditions [phosgene mixed with 2,6-di(ferf-butyl)pyridine and addition of triethylamine (5 equiv)] that favor the formation of the carbamoyl chloride 71 rather than isocyanate 69 were chosen. The result is that the post-barrier carbamate 70 was formed from... 

The comparison of a bis(imino)pyridine iron complex and a pyridine bis (oxazoline) iron complex in hydrosilylation reactions is shown in Scheme 24 [73]. Both iron complexes showed efficient activity at 23°C and low to modest enantioselectivites. However, the steric hindered acetophenone derivatives such as 2, 4, 6 -trimethylacetophenone and 4 -ferf-butyl-2, 6 -dimethylacetophenone reacted sluggishly. The yields and enantioselectivities increased slightly when a combination of iron catalyst and B(CeF5)3 as an additive was used. 

Another example has been provided by Ito et al., who described the use of methanofullerene derivatives as powerful and stable precursors for glycofullerenes.217 Their study was based on the use of [60]fullerenoacetyl chloride (227), obtained from the ferf-butyl [60]fullerenoacetate derivative 226, which had been prepared in 56% yield by treatment of corresponding stabilized sulfonium ylides 225 with C6o-218 Subsequent transformation with p-TsOH in toluene gave [60]full-erenoacetic acid, which was directly converted into the corresponding acyl chloride 227 by using thionyl chloride. Standard ester formation with methyl 2,3,4-tetra-O-benzyI -/<-d-gl ucopyranoside (228) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) afforded the desired hybrid derivative 229 in 66% yield. 

Cp pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Tmp 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine Dipp 2,6-di(zso-propyl)phenyl Trip 2,4,6-tri(zso-propyl)phenyl Mes 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl Mes 2,4,6-tri( ferf-butyl) phenyl Ada adamantyl dmap 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine Tms trimethylsilyl (SiMe3)... 

FIGURE 8.15 Alkylamines encountered in peptide synthesis. 1, pyridine 2, 2,4,6-trimethylpy-ridine 3, 2,6-di-ferf-butyl-4-methylpyridine 4, 4-dimethylaminopyridine 5, A-methyl-morpholine, 6, fV-methylpiperidine 7, triethylamine 8, diisopropylethylamine 9, l-diethylaminopropane-2-ol 10, dicyclohexylamine 11, diethylamine 12, piperidine 13, piperazine 14, morpholine 15, l,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene 16, 4-(aminoethyl)piperidine 17, frw(2-aminoethyl)amine 18, 3-dimethylaminopropylamine 19, methylamine 20, dimethy-laminoethane-2-ol 21, 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine 22, l,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane 23, 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4,4,0]dec-5 -ene. 

Chemical/Physical. The gas-phase reaction of ozone with pyridine in synthetic air at 23 °C yielded a nitrated salt having the formula [CeHsNHJ NOs (Atkinson et al., 1987). Ozonation of pyridine in aqueous solutions at 25 °C was studied with and without the addition of ferf-butyl alcohol (20 mM) as a radical scavenger. With tert-hniyX alcohol, ozonation of pyridine yielded mainly pyridine W-oxide (80% yield), which was very stable towards ozone. Without terf-butyl alcohol, the heterocyclic ring is rapidly cleaved forming ammonia, nitrate, and the amidic compound W-formyl oxamic acid (Andreozzi et al., 1991). 

RuClj(Hcbx)(cbx) (Hcbx=A-2 -chlorophenyl-2-pyridine-carboxamide). This red-brown material is made from the ligand and RuClj, and its X-ray crystal structure determined (Fig. 1.36). The system RuCl2(Hcbx)(cbx)/Oj/M( butyraldehyde/DCE epoxidised a number of cyclic alkenes efficiently at room temperatures (Table 3.1). Addition of the radical trap 2,6-di-ferf-butyl-4-methylphenol stopped epoxidation reactions altogether, suggesting that a mechanism involving radicals is involved [801],... 

Benzoyl chloride (2.61 mL, 22.5 mmol) was added to a stirred, cooled (0°C) solution of (R)-ferf-butyl(hydroxylmethyl)methylphosphine-borane (92% ee, 2.22 g, 15.0 mmol) in pyridine (10 mL) and the mixture was warmed to room temperature. After 1 h, the reaction mixture was quenched with 2 M aqueous HCl. 

In 1959 Shchukina et a I. 56 showed that the addition of pyridine to DCC increases the yield (65-85%) of depsipeptides constructed from Z-protected amino acids and serine, threonine, or salicylic acid derivatives. The ferf-butyl ester of Af-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-leucylleucic acid (Table 2) was prepared in 60% yield under the same conditions of addition using a 2 molar excess of pyridine to carbodiimide. 57 The DCC/pyridine technique was successfully utilized in the ring closure between ()-alanine and leucic acid residues during the synthesis of the cyclic hexadepsipeptide destruxin B.[58 Under this modified approach the... 

Ac, acetyl AIBN, azobis(isobutanonitrile) All, allyl AR, aryl Bn, benzyl f-BOC, ferf-butoxycarbonyl Bu, Butyl Bz, benzoyl CAN, ceric ammonium nitrate Cbz, benzyloxycarbonyl m-CPBA, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid DAST, diethylaminosulfur trifluoride DBU, l,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene DCC, /V. /V - d i eye I oh e x y I c ar bo -diimide DCM, dichloromethyl DCMME, dichloromethyl methyl ether DDQ, 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-l,4-benzoquinone DEAD, diethyl azodicarboxylate l-(+)-DET, L-(+)-diethyl tartrate l-DIPT, L-diisopropyl tartrate d-DIPT, D-diisopropyl tartrate DMAP, 4-dimethylaminopyridine DME, 1,2-dimethoxyethane DMF, /V./V-dimethylformamide DMP, 2,2-dimethoxypropane Et, ethyl Im, imidazole KHMDS, potassium hexamethyldisilazane Me, methyl Me2SO, dimethyl sulfoxide MOM, methoxymethyl MOMC1, methoxymethyl chloride Ms, methylsulfonyl MS, molecular sieves NBS, N-bromosuccinimide NIS, /V-iodosuccinimide NMO, /V-methylmorpho-line N-oxide PCC, pyridinium chlorochromate Ph, phenyl PMB, / -methoxvbenzyl PPTs, pyridiniump-toluenesulfonate i-Pr, isopropyl Py, pyridine rt, room temperature TBAF, tetrabutylammonium fluoride TBS, ferf-butyl dimethylsilyl TBDMSC1, f-butylchlorodimethylsilane Tf, trifhioromethylsulfonyl Tf20, trifluoromethylsulfonic anhydride TFA, trifluoroacetic acid THF, tetrahydrofuran TMS, trimethylsilyl TPAP, tetra-n-propylammonium perruthenate / -TsOH. / -toluenesulfonic acid... 

However, Baker and Nathan observed that the rates of reaction with pyridine of para-substituted benzyl bromides (see reaction 10-31) were opposite that expected from electron release by the field effect. That is, the methyl-substituted compound reacted fastest and the ferf-butyl-substituted compounded reacted... 

N-arylation product (151). Similarly, irradiation of para-chloro cyanobenzene or pyridine in the presence of 2.6-di-ferf.-butyl phenolate yields the biaryi (152). The SrnI reaction has been reviewed. 

Tri(ferf-butyl)phenol (73), a sterically hindered phenol, was treated with periodic acid (1 equiv.) in MeOH at room temperature to yield 2,4,6-tri(terf-butyl)-4-methoxy-2,5-cyclohexadienone (363) (62%), whereas periodic acid oxidation of 73 in 40 1 MeOH-pyridine under an oxygen atmosphere provided selectively the corresponding peroxide 244 (71%) together with small amounts of 363 (5%) (Scheme 115) °. ... 

A systematic comparative study of triblock terpolymers in the bulk and thin-film state was carried out on polystyrene-fo-poly(2-vinyl pyridine)-fc-poly(ferf-butyl methacrylate), PS-b-P2VP-fc-PfBMA. A diblock precursor with a minority of PS leading to a double gyroid structure was used. Upon increase of PtBMA content this morphology changed from lamellae with... 

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