Fatigue simulation

Wang A, Manley MT, Serekian P 2003. Wear and structural fatigue simulation of crosslinked ultra-high molecular weight poly ethylene for hip and knee bearing applications ASTM International STP 1445. 

Quahtative simulation is a specific KBS model of physical processes that are not understood well enough to develop a physics-based numeric model. Corrosion, folding, mechanical wear, equipment failure, and fatigue are not easily modeled, but decisions about them can be based on qualitative reasoning. See Refs. 178 and 292. 

Here is the number of cycles to fracture under the stress cycle in region i, and Nj/Nf is the fraction of the lifetime used up after N, cycles in that region. Failure occurs when the sum of the fractions is unity (eqn. (15.4)). This rule, too, is an empirical one. It is widely used in design against fatigue failure but if the component is a critical one. Miner s Rule should be checked by tests simulating service conditions. 

T. Hoshide, K. Kusuura. Life prediction by simulation of crack growth in notched components with different microstructures and under multiaxial fatigue. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 27 201, 1998. 

T. Hoshide. Simulation of microstructural effects on cracking behavior in biaxial fatigue. Mater Sci Res Int 5 119, 1997. 

Sheeks, C. J., Moshier, W. C., Ballinger, R. G., Latanison, R. M., Pelloux, R. M. N., Fatigue crack growth of Alloys X750 and 600 in simulated PWR and BWR environments , Proc. 1st Int. Conf. on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems-Water Reactors, Myrtle Beach, USA, 22-25 Aug. 1983, NACR pp. 701-25 (1984)... 

Natural environmental exposure, the exposure of materials or products to natural environmental conditions, can be regarded as a form of simulated service testing. Such exposures provide information on the durability of the material without the effects of such factors as fatigue and abrasion. 

The possible fatigue failure mechanisms of SWCNT in the composite were also reported (Ren et al., 2004). Possible failure modes mainly include three stages, that is, splitting of SWCNT bundles, kink formation, and subsequent failure in SWCNTs, and the fracture of SWCNT bundles. As shown in Fig. 9.12, for zigzag SWCNT, failure of defect-free tube and tubes with Stone-Wales defect of either A or B mode all resulted in brittle-like, flat fracture surface. A kinetic model for time-dependent fracture of CNTs is also reported (Satapathy et al., 2005). These simulation results are almost consistent with the observed fracture surfaces, which can be reproduced reasonably well, suggesting the possible mechanism should exist in CNT-polymer composites. 

The fatigue behaviour of pure hydroxy- and fluorhydroxyapatite-sintered bioceramics has been studied in ambient air, distilled water and simulated human saliva [86]. The authors observed that, as a general trend, HA ceramics exhibited a lower resistance to fatigue than fluoridated ones. Another work [87] showed that the hardness remained essentially unchanged until 80% of OH were replaced with F , whereas it noticeably increased with greater fluoride contents. The elastic... 

S.M. Barinov, I.V. Fadeeva, L.V. Fateeva, S.V. Tumanov, Delayed fatigue of hydroxy-and fluorhydroxyapatite ceramics in simulated body fluid, Key Eng. Mater. 290 (2005) 366-369. 

The second class includes tests for ageing, oxygen and ozone attack, adhesion, resistance to wear and tear, fatigue, etc. This class also includes tests under simulated service conditions under laboratory environments and immersion in fluids. These two classes of tests are conducted on vulcanized rubber. 

Denisco RA, Drummond JN, Gravenstein JS. The effect of fatigue on the performance of a simulated anesthetic monitoring task. J Clin Monit 1987 3 22-24. 

---