Faraday method

Electrobalances suitable for thermogravimetry are readily adapted for measurements of magnetic susceptibility [333—336] by the Faraday method, with or without variable temperature [337] and data processing facilities [338]. This approach has been particularly valuable in determinations of the changes in oxidation states which occur during the decompositions of iron, cobalt and chromium oxides and hydroxides [339] and during the formation of ferrites [340]. The method requires higher concentrations of ions than those needed in Mossbauer spectroscopy, but the apparatus, techniques and interpretation of observations are often simpler. 

The magnetic susceptibilities (x) or magnetization (a = x H) for the systems described here were measured by the In-sltu Faraday method described by Mulay [1]. The Mossbauer Spectra were obtained with an Austin Associates spectrometer with a 57co/Rh matrix source (50 mCi) and Nuclear data electronics. In-sltu measurements were made, using a cell similar to that described by Delgass et al. [7]. 

Magnetic Susceptibility. Magnetization as a function of applied field was determined at various temperatures according to the Faraday method. A Cahn model RG microbalance and an Alpha model 4800 magnet were used In this respect. A detailed description of the technique used can be found in reference 4. 

Infrared spectra were recorded on a Perkin Elmer model 680 spectrophotometer as mulls in nujol or fluorolube. The magnetic susceptibility of the copper complexes was measured from 4.2 to 300 K by the Faraday method . X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was performed with a Perkin Elmer hemispherical spectrometer. 

The chalcogenides are synthesized either by reaction of the chalcogen vapour with the actinide metal or the hydride (Faraday-method), or in reaction with compounds ... 

Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements. Magnetic susceptibilities were measured by the Faraday method and were accurate to 2%. Samples, usually as powders, were placed in a cylindrical Teflon boat having an internal volume of 0.30 cc. Measurements were made at 2963, 4357, 5724, 7077, and 8243 G, and at temperatures 77°-295°K. It was possible to correct for ferromagnetic impurities from any field dependent effects. 

Faraday detection as described in Section 3.1., is the traditional method for recording NQR signals. As discussed earlier, Faraday detection sensitivity is limited by the detector s own thermal noise. The desire for improved detection sensitivity has driven the search for non-traditional methods and lower noise Faraday methods of RF magnetic field detection. In this section, several methods that have been applied to NQR signal detection will be discussed. 

The magnetic properties of the samples were measured by Faraday method in the temperature range of 78-300 K and in magnetic fields up to 10.9 kOe. 

Magnetic susceptibility and magnetization measurements are made by a variety of techniques. These include the Gouy method, the Faraday method, and change in flux methods. Excellent descriptions of the methods as well as their advantages and limitations are available. " ... 

There are several other techniques to measure magnetic susceptibility, including nuclear magnetic resonance and the Faraday method using an unsymmetrical magnetic field. ... 

When a substance is subjected to magnetic field H, and a magnetization I is induced. The ratio I/H is called the volume susceptibility k and can be measured by a number of techniques, including Gouy balance method, Faraday method and an nmr method. The volume susceptibility is related to the gram susceptibility c and the molar susceptibility cm. 

Although for p-azoxyanisole (PAA) a number of measurements in electric fields have been reported (I, 5), only Foex ( ) reported measurements in a high magnetic field. In this paper we report the results of magnetic susceptibility measurements on PAA, which have been obtained by using the Faraday method with a sensitive balance described by Poulis et al. (6). The sample consisted of 0.2841 gram of PAA held in an evacuated spherical quartz container. Measurements were made at fields of 2550, 1050, 275, and 200 oersteds at a number of temperatures in the liquid crystal and liquid phase. The absolute accuracy of the susceptibility measurements was about 3%, determined by the irreproducibility in the adjustment of... 

Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements. The magnetic susceptibility of the solids was measured by the Faraday method with Hg[Co(SCN)4] used as the calibrant. Corrections for diamagnetism were made using Pascals constants. Solution measurements were made in CHCI3 by NMR techniques (17),... 

In the Faraday method, that end of the tube which contains the P is heated to 450-530°C, while that containing the metal is heated first to 750°C and then to 950 to 1100°C. 

The Faraday method appears to have some definite advantages over the Gouy method for work on powdered samples. 

The principle of the method is that of the Faraday method except that as ff, the specific ms etization, is being measured, the force exerted is simply,... 

Hed] Faraday method Magnetic susceptibihty of Cr2peSi2 and Cr2peSi3 at 4.3 [Pg.347]

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