Far-infrared radiation

PL. Richards, The Josephson Junction as a Detector of Microwave and Far-Infrared Radiation... 

Figure 9.20. Lower rotational levels of CH in the v = 0 level of the X2 If ground state. The size of the A -doublet splitting is exaggerated for the sake of clarity. The observed FIR LMR transitions are shown [53]. Other transitions were later observed using tunable far-infrared radiation, and are described in chapter 10.

Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy systems utilize far-infrared radiation to extract molecular spectral information in an otherwise inaccessible region of the electromagnetic spectrum where various rotational, vibrational, and translational modes of molecules are located, 0.1-10 THz (Fig. 1). As the wavenumber range is narrowed, THz-radiation can yield more specific information about a particular chemical component within the system. Unlike most spectroscopic techniques, THz instrument measures the wave temporal electric field, which can be Fourier transformed to yield THz pulse amplitude and phase. This added capability allows precise... 

FIR Far Infrared Radiation, NIR Near Infrared Radiation, VIS Visible Radiation... 

B. Cornea. The cornea is the transparent front part of the eye that separates it from the air. The cornea is continuous with the sclera (white of the eye). The cornea transmits most laser wavelengths except for the ultraviolet and far-infrared radiation. 

Ultraviolet and low energy far-infrared radiation can injure the epithelial layer of the cornea a condition that is painful and visually handicapping. At lower powers, this injury is primarily due to a photochemical reaction. A latency period of hours may exist between the time of exposure and the development of the corneal pathology. Minimal corneal lesions, which usually produce a decrement in visual performance, heal within a few days and generally result in a frill recovery. More severe corneal lesions may scar. 

C. Far-Infrared Radiation (1,400 nm - 1 mm). Absorption of radiation in this range will result in the production of heat with the resultant effects on both the cornea and the lens of the eye. The threshold for far-infrared radiation skin bums is similar to that of the cornea. 

Many e xperiments [3,4] show that transport properties o f s uperconductor(S)-semiconductor(N) junctions depend on the smface condition of the semiconductor layer. The results obtained from the study of transport characteristics of the S-N-S junctions show that these junctions are very promising as they work at low power loss and high switching speed. Many authors [5,6] studied the ballistic transport of electrons under the effect of a coherent far-infrared radiation. 

Other groups have built tunable far-infrared spectrometers which do not involve high-frequency backward-wave oscillators. Verhoeve, Zwart, Versluis, Eirabbels, ter Meulen, Meerts, Dymanus and McLay [61] have described a system in which fixed frequency far-infrared radiation is mixed with tunable microwave radiation in Schottky barrier diodes. This instrument has been operated up to 2.7 THz, and used to study OD and N2H+. A similar system, combined with a continuous supersonic jet, has been described by Cohen, Busaiow, Laughlin, Blake, Havenith, Lee and Saykally [62]. This instrument was used to study rare gas/water clusters. 

Volume 10. Physical Principles of Far-Infrared Radiation By L. C. Robinson... 

Afzal, T.M. and T. Abe, 2000. Simulation of moisture changes in barley during far infrared radiation drying. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 26(2), 137-145. 

Deng, Y., Y. Liu, B. Qian, S. Su, J. Wu, X. Song, and H. Yang, 2011b. Impact of far-infrared radiation-assisted heat pump drying on chemical compositions and physical properties of squid (Hlex illecebrosus) fillets. European Food Research and Technology, 232(5), 761-768. 

Drying of banana slices using combined low-pressure superheated steam and far-infrared radiation. Journal of Food Engineering, 81(3), 624—633. 

Ponkham, K., N. Meeso, S. Soponronnarit, and S. Siriamompun, 2012. Modehng of combined far-infrared radiation and air drying of a ring shaped-pineapple with/without shrinkage. Food and Biopmducts Processing, 90(2), 155-164. 

Yeu-Pyng, L., T. Jen-Homg, and V. An-Erl King, 2005. Effects of far-infrared radiation on the freeze-drying of sweet potato. Journal of Food Engineering, 68(2), 249. 

We are using two related techniques of synthesizing tunable far infrared radiation either from the difference between a fixed... 

I. G. Nolt, Laboratory Measurement of the Rotational Spectrum of the OH Radical with Tunable Far-Infrared Radiation, Ap. J. 307, 210 (1986). 

Mao, W., Oshima, Y., Yamanaka, Y. et al. (2011) Mathematical simulation of liquid food pasteurization using far infrared radiation heating equipment. Journal of Food Engineering, 107,127-133. 

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