Extrusion definition

Since by definition r is less than r , the pressure P, for intrusion will be greater than that for extrusion, P , and there will be hysteresis. 

Euler angles, definition of 84 Exchange rate O 31 Extrusion 142... 

Reactions 14-39 and 17-20 also fit this definition. Reaction 17-29 does not fit the definition, but is often also classified as an extrusion reaction. An extrusibility scale... 

Giles, H. F., Jr. Wagner, J. R., Jr. Mount, E. M. Extrusion The Definitive Processing Guide and Handbook - PDL Handbook Series. (2005) William Andrew Publishing, Norwich, NY. 

This simple experiment was important in that it clearly established the key notion that cellular extrusion of sodium ions by the sodium pump was coupled to metabolism. Because in this and subsequent experiments of the same sort the electrochemical gradient for sodium was known precisely, and since the fluxes of sodium (and later potassium) both into and out of the cell could be measured independently, this study also laid the groundwork for a theoretical definition of active transport, a theory worked out independently by Ussing in the flux ratio equation for transepithelial active transport of ions (see below). 

Fig. 12.49 Flow channel of a profile extrusion die identification of its main zones and geometrical controllable parameters considered in the definition of the preparallel zone (PPZ).

Extrusion A plastic processing technique to produce pipe, film or sheeting. The plastic is fed through a flat or preformed annular die, which gives the object its definitive shape. 

The active uptake of K+ and Cl-, together with an active extrusion of Na+, as for Nitella (Fig. 3-13), occurs for many plant cells. We might ask Why does a cell actively transport K+ and Cl- in and Na+ out Although no definitive answer can be given to such a question, we shall speculate on possible reasons, based on the principles that we have been considering. 

It has been demonstrated that molecular orientation can be achieved starting with a low molecular weight species which is oriented in an elongational flow and subsequently cured under UV-irradiation. The orientation of the monomer is frozen-in by the ultra-fast process of polymerization and crosslinking. Both extrusion and stretching can be carried out at relatively low temperatures and pressures. Polymer filaments produced in this way are definitely anisotropic as is evidenced by their birefringence and by a strong increase of the tensile modulus and a decrease of the thermal expansion coefficient in the axial direction. 

Okftn synthesis by double extrusion (3, 319-320). The first of n number of definitive papers on this new method of olefin synthc.si.s has been published. ... 

Technical constraints are often imposed on the design of the monolith geometry by the extrusion process, as well as by the mechanical properties of the extrudate the specific SCR application (e g., high-dust vs. low-dust) is also crucial for the definition of the catalyst geometrical features. Here, attention is paid to the influence that the monolith parameters (wall thickness, channel size, channel shape) have on both DeNOx reaction and SO2 oxidation in order to advance guidelines for optimization of the catalyst geometry. 

Reactions 14-32 and 17-20 also fit this definition. Reaction 17-28 does not fit the dehnition, but is often also classified as an extmsion reaction. An extrusibility scale has been developed, showing that the ease of extrusion of the common Y groups is in the order -N=N- > -COO- > -SO2- > -CO-. ... 

Some of the more obvious areas definitely requiring test work are filtration, sedimentation, spray, or fluidized bed or any other kind of solids drying, extrusion pelleting, pneumatic and slurry conveying, adsorption, and others. Even in such thoroughly researched areas as vapor-liquid and liquid-liquid separations, rates, equilibria, and efficiencies may need to be tested, particularly of complex mixtures. A great deal can be found out, for instance, by a batch distillation of a complex mixture. 

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