Extremophile biotechnological application

Escherichia coli (Niehaus, 1999). Whereas halophiles (Margesin, 2001) and piezo-philes (Abe, 2001) have attracted attention, the main aspect of interest for biotechnological application remains thermal stability, focusing interest on thermophiles or even hyperthermophiles. Increase in temperature has a significant influence on the bioavailability and solubility of organic compounds (not on the solubility of Oz, however, which is nearly zero at extremophilic temperatures ). Current applications of extremozymes include ... 

Nicolaus B, Anzelmo G, Poll A. Bacterial polymers produced by extremophiles biosynthesis, characterization and applications of exopolysaccharides. In Singh OV, editor. Extremophiles sustainable resources and biotechnological implicati oMS.Wiley-BlackweU 2013. p. 335-51. 

Despite the promising performance of newly studied enzymes in the laboratory, their application in the industrial milieu might fail due to their lack of robustness. However, as anaerobic, extremophilic, and marine bacteria might be a source of enzymes with superior chances of success in biotechnological processes, a great deal of laboratory effort has been concentrated on their production and characterization. Furthermore, the design of novel enzymes as well as molecular approaches such as enzyme evolution and metagenomic approaches can be used to identify and develop novel biocatalysts from uncultured bacteria—a treasure of unknown proteins. 

Neihaus, R Extremophiles as a source of novel enzymes for industrial application. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 1999, 51(6), 711-729. 

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