Extraction equipment performance comparison

TABLE 14.3. Comparisons of Performance and Costs of Extraction Equipment... 

Extraction equipment, 476-490 centrifugal, 484,487,490 comparison of types, 477 mixer-settlers, 477, 479 packed towers, 478,480,482,485 87 performance comparison, 478 pulsed towers, 481,483,487 REX2 (rotating disk contactor), 482, 487... 

Various alkyl and aryltin compounds were determined in aquatic matrices, namely sediments, biota and water by means of gas chromatographic methods. In this work, comparisons of single or dual flame photometric detectors and electron capture detectors were reported (Tolosa et al., 1991). Sample preparations included acid digestion, extraction, formation of methyl derivatives and clean-up with alumina prior to gas chromatographic analysis. With the electron capture detector, cold on-column injection of organo-tin chlorides was studied. The conclusion was that a single or dual flame photometric detector equipped with a 600 nm interference filter yielded the best performance for determinations of tin species as methyl derivatives. Detection limits for the method using flame... 

The concern about ICD extraction using conventional equipment was averted by clinical results. Even if extraction procedures were complex and time consuming, the final outcome showed no outstanding differences in comparison with results of PM lead extraction. Results of ICD lead extraction using mechanical sheaths were included in the US Lead Extraction Database published in 1999 [17], and early trials on laser-assisted sheaths were performed for both PM and ICD leads [21, 23, 45]. In 2000, Kantharia et al. reported their experience with transvenous extraction of 47 transvenous high-voltage leads implanted in 42 patients [46]. All leads were extracted - 11 by traction and 36 by mechanical dilatation - in the absence of serious complications. Extraction time was related to time from implant and degree of... 

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