Extraction chemistry

From the beginning of the 1980s, some effective experimental approaches based on new principles have been invented for the study of interfacial reactions in solvent extraction chemistry. Recently, some methods were developed from our laboratory, the highspeed stirring (HSS) method [4,5], the two-phase stopped flow method [6], the capillary plate method [7], the reflection spectrometry [8], and the centrifugal liquid membrane (CLM) method [9]. 

Rimmer, B. F. Refining of gold from precious metal concentrates by liquid-liquid extraction. Chemistry Industry... 

Solvent Extraction Chemistry" John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1967. 

T. Sekine and Y. Hasegawa, Solvent Extraction Chemistry, Marcel Dek-ker. New York, 919 p. 

Gothenburg—Solvent Extraction Chemistry (Eds. D. Dyrssen, J. O. Liljen-zin and J. Rydberg), North-Holland 680 p Amsterdam (1967). 

Irving, H. p. 91, ISEC 66, Solvent Extraction Chemistry Dyrssen, D. LUjenzin, J. O. Rydberg, J. Eds. North Holland, Amsterdam (1967). 

Sekine, T. Hasegawa, Y. Solvent Extraction Chemistry Marcel Dekker New York, 1977. 

Numerical methods have been used in solvent extraction chemistry for treating experimental data for many years. As shown in Chapter 4 (see section 4.14.3), modeling of extraction processes in terms of a set of assumed equilibria with adjustable (best-fit) coefficients was widely used to identify and characterize the major species formed in these processes. The improvement of this approach, directed toward studying systems of greater diversity and complexity, including corrections for thermodynamic activity... 

G. M. Ritcey and A. W. Ashbrook, Solvent Extraction. Elsevier, New York, 1979 Y. Marcus and A. S. Kertes, Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction. Wiley (Interscience), New York, 1969 T. Sekine and Y. Hasegawa, Solvent Extraction Chemistry. Dekker, New York, 1977. 

R. M. Diamond, in Proceedings of the International Conference on Solvent Extraction Chemistry , ed. D. Dyrssen,... 

Despite the considerable body of knowledge now available on the extraction chemistry of ruthenium, it remains a problematic element for fuel reprocessors. A variety of means10 may be used to render the ruthenium less extractable. These include the addition of reagents such as oxalate or thiourea, the oxidation of Ru111 to inextractable RuIV or the addition of nitrogen dioxide to retain more Ru(NO) 3+ in the form of nitrito complexes of low DRu. However, such treatments may have undesirable effects on plant operation. It is possible to attain high decontamination factors for ruthenium over several process cycles, the penalty being that the ruthenium will appear in several waste streams, not just the HAW from the first decontamination cycle. 

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