Exterior wind-heat

Secondary symptoms are accompanying symptoms that are not key symptoms in terms of syndrome identification but they should still be treated seriously. For example, in an exterior wind-heat syndrome, although cough is not as important a symptom as sore throat in terms of syndrome identification, it should still be treated as it causes suffering to the patient. 

Bei Sha Shen is sweet and cold, and enters the Lung meridian. It can be used for the same purpose as Lu Gen. However, as it is sweeter and less cold than Lu Gen, it is only used at the recovery stage of a wind-heat syndrome where the exterior wind-heat barely exists but the Lung-Yin is still severely injured. 

Heat in the Defensive level is equal to exterior wind-heat syndrome discussed in Chapter 1. Although it does not belong in the internal heat syndrome category, it is mentioned here as a reference to offer a complete overview of febrile diseases. 

This syndrome is the initial stage of a warm-febrile disease and is equal to exterior wind-heat syndrome in Eight Principle Differentiation. The pathogenic factors are wind and heat. Their pathway of invasion is the nose and throat to the Lung. The wind-heat disturbs the function of the Lung and its related regions, the superficial parts of the body. In the differentiation of warm-febrile diseases, the term Wei syndrome indicates that the pathogenic factor is at the Wei level. 

Lung-Qi is obstructed by exterior wind-heat use Jin Yin Hua [Lonicerae flos), Lian Qiao (Forsythiae fructus), Jing Jie (Schizonepetae herba) and Sang Ye (Mori folium) to expel wind-heat. 

Comment This formula is similar in many ways to the preceding one. The key to distinguishing these is that Yin Qiao San is for exterior wind heat with fever and sore throat, while Sang Ju Yin is for exterior wind heat with less fever and toxins but more serious cough. 

If an exterior syndrome arises during the treatment of a chronic disorder, the exterior syndrome should be dealt with first. For example, if a patient contracts an acute wind-heat invasion while having treatment for blood deficiency syndrome, the wind-heat invasion should be prioritized and treated first. 

A side effect of Xi Xin occurs when it is applied incorrectly. Because it is very hot and pungent, it can easily injure the Yin, blood, body fluid and Qi. It should not be used, or must be used with caution, in patients who suffer from exterior wind-cold syndrome where internal heat also coexists and the Yin, blood and body fluids are deficient. The dosage of Xi Xin should also be controlled carefully in the range of 1-3 g per day for crude herbs. If the powdered herbal extract is used, the dosage should be reduced to 0.1 -0.5 g per day. Overdose may cause numbness in the throat and tongue, a stifling... 

Since wind-heat is an exterior pathogenic factor, no matter how much disturbance it has made, treatment should focus on dispersing the exterior pathogenic factor in order to give it a way to leave the body and, at the same time, to clear the heat in the Upper-Jiao (especially from the Lung) and restore the function of the Lung. 

Lian Qiao is bitter, cold and aromatic, and enters the Heart and Small Intestine meridians. Although it does not enter the Lung meridian, it is still often used in formulas to treat wind-heat syndrome as a chief herb. This is because its aromatic smell can disperse the Qi in the Upper-Jiao and gently release the exterior, and it leaches out heat from the Heart through the Small Intestine. It is especially effective in dispersing and clearing heat in the Heart and relieving restlessness and a warm sensation in the chest. 

Chai Hu is pungent and neutral, and enters the Liver and Gall Bladder meridians. It can effectively disperse and ascend the constrained Qi of the Liver and Gall Bladder and facilitate the Qi movement in the San Jiao passage. Through this approach, it can stimulate the Lung-Qi to eliminate the wind-heat and is therefore often used in a formula to release the exterior. 

A red tip and border of the tongue and a superficial and rapid pulse indicate that the wind-heat is in the exterior region. 

This chapter introduces the principles, methods and strategies for the composition of formulas that expel exterior wind, damp, cold and heat from the skin, subcutaneous region, meridians and collaterals. They are used to treat Bi syndrome, Wei syndrome and certain skin disorders. 

Weather can be very harsh on a building s roof and exterior. Wind, rain, hail, and the blistering heat from a summer s sun can take a toll on a building s exterior. It takes an understanding of science to ensure that appropriate materials are selected to endure this punishment from nature for years to come. Science is also involved in designing how the water will run off the building s roof and sides... 

Outdoor air is generally less polluted than the system return air. However, problems with reentry of previously exhausted air occur as a result of improperly located exhaust and intake vents or periodic changes in wind conditions. Other outdoor contamination problems include contaminants from other industrial sources, power plants, motor vehicle exhaust, and dust, asphalt vapors, and solvents from construction or renovation. Also, heat gains and losses through the building envelope due to heat conduction through exterior walls, floor, and roof, and due to solar radiation and infiltration, can be attributed to effects from external sources. 

This syndrome is caused by exterior pathogenic wind and heat, which via the nose and throat directly invade the Lung, injure the fluid and disturb the dispersing and descending function of the Lung. As the Lung is related to the skin, the superficial region is also involved. 

Treatment principle Expel wind, clear heat, regulate the Lung so as to release the exterior... 

Ma Huang is very warm and very pungent, and enters the Lung meridian. It can quickly and efficiently disperse the Lung-Qi and the restrained heat in the Lung. It enters the Bladder meridian and can eliminate the exterior pathogenic wind-cold as well. 

First of all, Fang Feng, in most cases, is used to expel wind and release exterior syndrome. In this formula, it is used to disperse and ascend the constrained Qi and therefore disperse the smoldering heat in the Spleen. 

Because many of the medicinals in this formula are warm, windy, and drying, this formula should only be used for the treatment of exterior pattern wind, cold, and dampness. It is contraindicated in cases where there is heat. 

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