Extended zinc insulin

Insulin suspensions. When the hormone is injected as a suspension of insulin-containing particles, its dissolution and release in subcutaneous tissue are retarded (rapid, intermediate, and slow insulins). Suitable particles can be obtained by precipitation of apolar, poorly water-soluble complexes consisting of anionic insulin and cationic partners, e.g the polycationic protein protamine or the compound aminoqui-nuride (Surfen). In the presence of zinc and acetate ions, insulin crystallizes crystal size determines the rate of dissolution. Intermediate insulin preparations (NPH or isophane, lente or zinc insulin) act for 18 to 26 h, slow preparations (protamine zinc insulin, ultralente or extended zinc insulin) for up to 36 h. 

Humulin U Extended zinc-insulin suspension - all crystalline Slow-acting, slow onset, longer, less-intense duration than R or N forms... 

Insulin is ordered by die generic name (insulin zinc suspension, extended) or the trade (brand) name (Humulin U) (see the Summary Drug Table Insulin Preparations). The nurse must never substitute one brand of insulin for anodier unless the substitution is approved by the health care provider because some patients may be sensitive to changes in brands of insulin. In addition, it is important never to substitute one type of insulin for anodier. For example, do not use insulin zinc suspension instead of die prescribed protamine zinc insulin. 

Protamine zinc and extended insulin zinc suspension (Ultralente) are often referred to as long-acting insulin preparations. These insulins have more protamine and zinc in the mixture than is found in isophane insuhn suspension. Insuhn zinc suspension, extended Ultralente Insulin), is quite similar to the protamine zinc insulin suspension except that it does not contain protamine. Both of these long-acting insuhns have an approximate duration of action of 36 hours. 

Human insulin (rDNA origin) extended zinc suspension [FDA for Humulin U]... 

Premeal hyperglycemia is common. The short action of insulin lispro can then be extended by the addition of protamine zinc insulin. In a 3-month study in addition to a once-daily injection of protamine zinc insulin, at each meal insulin lispro or insulin lispro + protamine zinc insulin was injected the postprandial blood glucose concentration was lower, but the post-absorptive glucose concentration was higher in the insulin lispro-only group there was no difference in HbAic. The addition of protamine zinc insulin (30% at breakfast, 40% at lunch, and 10% at dinner) improved post-absorptive glucose and HbAic (12). 

Note Insulin Zinc Suspension Prompt Insulin Zinc Suspension (Amorphous) Semilente Iletin and Insulin Zinc Suspension Extended Insulin Zinc Suspension (Crystalline) Vltrutense Iletin are suspensions of minute particles of zinc insulin and differ only in the particle size which determines the duration of their action. Contain 40 or 80 U.S.P. insulin units/ ml. 

Human Extended Insulin Zinc Suspension. Ultralente Humulin U is a long-acting form of human insulin produced by recombinant DNA techniques. It is adrninistered subcutaneously and should not be given intravenously. The time course of this preparation is similar for onset of activity but shorter for maximum activity and duration of action compared with ultralente preparations of animal origin. Insulins of the lente series can be mixed in any proportion to obtain the desired dose and modified activity. 

Insulin glargine solution extended insulin zinc Lantus 30-60 min none 8 h... 

The release rate and therefore the duration of action of injectable insulin, in the form of insulin zinc, is controlled by its crystallinity coupled with its particle size. The crystallinity and particle size of insulin zinc, which is precipitated as an insoluble complex when insulin is reacted with zinc chloride, is controlled by the pH. The amorphous complex of small particle size, Prompt Insulin Zinc Suspension USP, is rapidly absorbed and has a relatively short duration of action. In contrast, the crystalline complex of large particle size, Extended Insulin Zinc Suspension USP, is slowly absorbed and has a relatively long duration of action. The intermediate form, Insulin Zinc Suspension USP, consists of seven parts of the crystalline form to three parts of the amorphous form and has an intermediate rate of absorption and duration of action. 

Extended insulin zinc suspension (ultralente) 4 to 8 10 to 30 20 to 36 Regular, semilente... 

Insulin zinc suspension extended (Ultralente HUMINSULIN-U) 40 lU/ml SC... 

PZI) Extended Insulin 4-8 Zinc Suspension 10-30 >36 Regular, Semilente... 

Long-acting Ultralente insulin (insulin zinc suspension extended USP) Human 8-16 18-28... 

Extended Insulin Zinc Suspension 4-8 >36 Ultralente Insulin, Ultralente lletin 1, Ultralente Purified Beef. 

Insulin forms a salt with protamines that is less soluble and more prolonged in action than the free hormone, and this therapeutic effect may be extended by traces of zinc (p. 23). 

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