Explosive Compositions

Since ADN melts at 92°C, it would be theoretically possible to produce an ADN/aluminum composite by using melt-casting techniques similar to TNT-based composites. However there is a safety problem with this process, since ADN starts to decompose when melted, in contrast to the much more stable TNT. 

The extremely insensitive GUDN could be of particular interest for insensitive munitions. The theoretically-calculated detonation pressure of GUDN places it between TNT and RDX (25.7 GPa) [23]. The low sensitivity combined with performance is unique and unmatched in the literature. 

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A. J. Tubs, "On Intermediate Explosive Compositions," in Proceedings of the 5th (International) Pyrotechnic Seminar, Denver Research Institute, Colo., 1976, p. 522. 

Explosive Compositions, HBX Type, U.S. Mihtary Spec. E-22267A, USGPO, Washington, D.C., 1963. 

T. N. Hak and J. R. Holden, Navy Explosives Handbook, Explosion Effects and Properties, Part 3, Properties of Explosives and Explosive Compositions, NSWC, White Oak, Md., MP-8116, Oct. 1988. 

Explosives. Sodium teUurite is used as a jelling promoter in explosive compositions that can be readily poured or pumped into drillholes (91)... 

The Universal Hopkinson-Cranz and Sachs Laws of Blast Scaling have both been verified by experiment. These laws state that self-similar blast (shock) waves are produced at idendcal scaled distances when two explosive charges of similar geometry and the same explosive composition, but of different size, are detonated in the same atmosphere [49]. 

Bertram, Mind IV, A New Explosive Composition Containing AN-KN Solid Solution, Part 1 , NOLTR 73-49 (Mar 1973) 46) Minol IV... 

Inspection Testing , USMilSpec MIL-STD-650 (1962) 39) Anon, Explosive Compositions,... 

Refs 1) B.A. Stott, Castable Explosive Compositions based on Dinitropropylacrylate and HMX , NOTS TP 4387 (1967) 2) W. Selig,... 

Rothenstein, Development of New High Energy Explosive Compositions (u), , Aerojet General Corp, Azusa, Calif, Report No 1174-81-Y1 (Conf), NOL Contract No N609210670C-0365 (17 July 1967 to 17 July 1968) 9) W. Selig, USAt-... 

Oxamide has been used as a stabilizer for NC prepns (Ref 6), as a coolant in propint formulations because the amt of smoke contributed by it was small (Ref 2), and as a component of Oxamide Explosive Composition (see below)... 

US Mil Spec MIL-O-60371, Oxamide Explosive Composition (29 June 1966), contains requirements for the following compos ... 

Development of Resin-Bonded Explosive Compositions , PATR 2062 (1954) 3) H.F, Mark,... 

Table 3 — Selected PBX Type Explosives — Composition (continued)... 

Comparative Blast Measurements of Various High Explosive Compositions In A Standard... 

Heat Resistant Explosive Compositions Capable of Withstanding 500°F and Higher , NWC TP-4461 (1967) 44) Ibid, Castable Explosive... 

Explosive Properties of Three Polyester-Bound Explosive Compositions... 

Chrisp, J.D. "Method for Gelling Water Bearing Explosive Compositions Containing Galactomannan Gums," US Patent 3,202,556(1965). 

When explosives of the power shown in this table are prepared, the power per unit length of the explosive cartridge is similar to that of the power of a sheathed explosive made from a PI composition. Effectively, therefore, the difference between a P2 and a P3 explosive is that the inert material in the sheath of the former is distributed uniformly through the explosive composition of the latter. For reasons of stability, however, sodium bicarbonate is no longer used instead an increase in the proportion of sodium chloride gives the required cooling effect. 

A saturated aqueous solution of the perchlorate, and the solid fuel, are individually non-explosive, but form a viable explosive composition on admixture. 

Determine the pressure required for a pipe to swell and the pressure required for a pipe failure. The pipe is 3-in stainless 316 schedule 40 pipeline for transporting a gas mixture that is sometimes within the explosive composition range. 

Explosive train Arrangement of explosive components in which the initial force from the primer is transmitted and intensified until it reaches and sets off the main explosive composition. 

Tetrazene (C2H8N10O) is a pale yellow crystalline explosive generally used in ignition caps, where a small amount is added to the explosive composition to improve its sensitivity to percussion and friction. Tetrazene is not suitable for filling detonators because its compaction properties make the transition from burning to detonation very difficult. This primary explosive is stable in ambient temperatures. Its ignition temperature is lower and it is slightly more sensitive to impact than mercury fulminate. 

Tetryl (C7H5N508) is a pale yellow crystalline solid. It is moderately sensitive to initiation by friction and percussion and is used in the form of pressed pellets as primers for explosive compositions that are less sensitive to initiation. It is slightly more sensitive than picric acid and considerably more sensitive than TNT. In the early 1900s, tetryl was used as base charges for blasting caps but now has been replaced by PETN and RDX. During World War II, tetryl was used as a component of explosive mixtures. 

Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) is a colorless crystalline solid that is very sensitive to initiation by a primary explosive. It is a powerful secondary explosive that has a great shattering effect. It is used in commercial blasting caps, detonation cords, and boosters. PETN is not used in its pure form because it is too sensitive to friction and impact. It is usually mixed with plasticized nitrocellulose or with synthetic rubbers to form PBXs. The most common form of explosive composition containing PETN is Pentolite, a mixture of 20 to 50% PETN and TNT. PETN can be incorporated into gelatinous industrial explosives. The military has in most cases replaced PETN with RDX because RDX is more thermally stable and has a longer shelf life. PETN is insoluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol, ether, and benzene, and soluble in acetone and methyl acetate. 

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